οἶστρος

See also: οίστρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eys-, used to form words denoting passion; see also Latin ira (“anger”), Lithuanian aistra (“violent passion”), Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma, “anger”).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

οἶστρος • (oîstros) m (genitive οἴστρου); second declension

  1. gadfly, breese
    1. an insect which infests tuna
    2. a small insectivorous bird, perhaps the willow warbler
  2. (figuratively) a sting, anything that drives mad
    1. (absolute) the smart of pain, agony
    2. any vehement desire, mad desire, insane passion
    3. madness, frenzy
      • Sopocles, Antigone 1002

Inflection
Second declension of ὁ οἶστρος; τοῦ οἴστρου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ οἶστρος
ho oîstros		 τὼ οἴστρω
tṑ oístrō		 οἱ οἶστροι
hoi oîstroi
Genitive τοῦ οἴστρου
toû oístrou		 τοῖν οἴστροιν
toîn oístroin		 τῶν οἴστρων
tôn oístrōn
Dative τῷ οἴστρῳ
tôi oístrōi		 τοῖν οἴστροιν
toîn oístroin		 τοῖς οἴστροις
toîs oístrois
Accusative τὸν οἶστρον
tòn oîstron		 τὼ οἴστρω
tṑ oístrō		 τοὺς οἴστρους
toùs oístrous
Vocative οἶστρε
oîstre		 οἴστρω
oístrō		 οἶστροι
oîstroi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • οἶμα (oîma)

Descendants
  • → Latin: oestrus
    • → Catalan: estre
    • → English: oestrus, estrus
    • → French: œstre
    • → Italian: estro
    • → Middle French: oestrus
    • → Piedmontese: estro
    • → Portuguese: estro
    • → Spanish: estro
    • → Translingual: Oestrus
  • Greek: οίστρος (oístros)

Further reading
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