χαλινός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • χάλιννος (khálinnos)

Etymology

According to Beekes, a Pre-Greek origin is probable, as it is difficult to explain "χαλ-" from Indo-European and as a suffix "-ιν-" is frequent in Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

χᾰλῑνός • (khalīnós) m (genitive χᾰλῑνοῦ); second declension

  1. bridle, rein, bit
    Synonyms: ἡνία (hēnía), ῥυτήρ (rhutḗr)
  2. part of the tackle of a ship
  3. anything that restrains from the outer
  4. corner of the mouth of a horse or human

Inflection
Second declension of ὁ χᾰλῑνός; τοῦ χᾰλῑνοῦ (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ χᾰλῑνός
ho khalīnós		 τὼ χᾰλῑνώ
tṑ khalīnṓ		 οἱ χᾰλῑνοί
hoi khalīnoí
Genitive τοῦ χᾰλῑνοῦ
toû khalīnoû		 τοῖν χᾰλῑνοῖν
toîn khalīnoîn		 τῶν χᾰλῑνῶν
tôn khalīnôn
Dative τῷ χᾰλῑνῷ
tôi khalīnôi		 τοῖν χᾰλῑνοῖν
toîn khalīnoîn		 τοῖς χᾰλῑνοῖς
toîs khalīnoîs
Accusative τὸν χᾰλῑνόν
tòn khalīnón		 τὼ χᾰλῑνώ
tṑ khalīnṓ		 τοὺς χᾰλῑνούς
toùs khalīnoús
Vocative χᾰλῑνέ
khalīné		 χᾰλῑνώ
khalīnṓ		 χᾰλῑνοί
khalīnoí
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • χαλιναγογέω (khalinagogéō)
  • χαλιναγωγία (khalinagōgía)
  • χαλιναγωγός (khalinagōgós)
  • χαλινάριον (khalinárion)
  • χαλινῖτις (khalinîtis)
  • χαλινοποιική (khalinopoiikḗ)
  • χαλινοποιός (khalinopoiós)
  • χαλινουργός (khalinourgós)
  • χαλινοφάγος (khalinophágos)
  • χαλινόω (khalinóō)
  • χαλίνωσις (khalínōsis)
  • χαλινωτήρια (khalinōtḗria)
  • χρῡσοχᾰ́λῑνος (khrūsokhálīnos)

Descendants
  • Greek: χαλινός (chalinós)
  • → Arabic: كَالُون (kālūn), كَيْلُون (kaylūn, “lock installed onto something; padlock”)
  • → New Latin: chalīnos (“corner of the mouth, the part of the cheek most close to the lips”)
  • → Classical Syriac: ܟܠܴܢܳܐ (klānā, “bar or bolt for fastening doors, sera”)

Further reading

Greek

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /xa.liˈnos/
  • Hyphenation: χα‧λι‧νός

Noun

χαλινός • (chalinós) m (plural χαλινοί)

  1. formal variant of χαλινάρι (chalinári, “bridle; bit”)
  2. frenulum

Declension
declension of χαλινός
case     \     number singular plural
nominative χαλινός • χαλινοί •
genitive χαλινού • χαλινών •
accusative χαλινό • χαλινούς •
vocative χαλινέ • χαλινοί •
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