скатерть
Russian
Etymology
Three hypotheses exist:
- From Proto-Slavic *dъskatьrtь. By surface analysis, доска́ (doská, “board, plank”) + тере́ть (terétʹ, “to rub”). Compare with ру́котерть (rúkotertʹ, “towel”) as рука́ (ruká, “hand, arm”) + тере́ть (terétʹ, “to rub”), Latin manutergium (“hand towel”) as manus (“hand”) + tergeō (“to rub, wipe, clean”) + -ium.
- From Proto-Slavic *ska + Proto-Slavic *tьrtь, thus making it cognate with скать (skatʹ).
- From German Schetter (also written Schechter), a regional term for a rigid loincloth.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈskatʲɪrtʲ]
Audio (file)
Noun
ска́терть • (skátertʹ) f inan (genitive ска́терти, nominative plural ска́терти, genitive plural скатерте́й, relational adjective ска́тертный, diminutive скатёрка or скатёрочка)
- tablecloth (a cloth used to cover and protect a table, especially for a dining table)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ска́терть skátertʹ |
ска́терти skáterti |
| genitive | ска́терти skáterti |
скатерте́й skatertéj |
| dative | ска́терти skáterti |
скатертя́м skatertjám |
| accusative | ска́терть skátertʹ |
ска́терти skáterti |
| instrumental | ска́тертью skátertʹju |
скатертя́ми skatertjámi |
| prepositional | ска́терти skáterti |
скатертя́х skatertjáx |
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ска́терть skátertʹ |
ска́терти skáterti |
| genitive | ска́терти skáterti |
скатерте́й skatertéj |
| dative | ска́терти skáterti |
скатертя́мъ skatertjám |
| accusative | ска́терть skátertʹ |
ска́терти skáterti |
| instrumental | ска́тертью skátertʹju |
скатертя́ми skatertjámi |
| prepositional | ска́терти skáterti |
скатертя́хъ skatertjáx |
Derived terms
- ска́тертью доро́га (skátertʹju doróga)
- ска́терть-самобра́нка (skátertʹ-samobránka)
Descendants
- → Yakut: ыскаатар (ıskaatar)
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “скатерть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache in Beziehung auf Abstammung und Begriffsbildung, Konrad Schwenck, p. 563
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