харалуг

Russian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Old East Slavic харалугъ (xaralugŭ), not doubted to be Turkic – being present before the Mongol raids –, but controverted if exactly from

  • каралык (qaralıq, “blackness”) referring to the black streaks in the sword, derived from Proto-Turkic *kara (“black”)
  • or кара (qara, “black”) + олук (oluk, “channel”) referring to the black streaks in the word, from Proto-Turkic *kara (“black”) + Proto-Turkic *oluk (“hollowed-out tree”).
  • or relating to the Qarluq stem, settling on iron mines and powerful.[1]
  • etc.[2]

Some have related it as a polnoglasie to the name of the Carolingians, карля́ги (karljági), корля́зи (korljázi), короля́зи (koroljázi),[3] but this seems to be a historical phantasy.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [xərɐˈɫuk]

Noun

харалу́г • (xaralúg) m inan (genitive харалу́га, nominative plural харалу́ги, genitive plural харалу́гов)

  1. (historical) Damascus steel, or a type of damask steel used in medieval Rus
    Synonyms: була́т (bulát), дама́ск (damásk)

Declension
Declension of харалу́г (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative харалу́г
xaralúg		 харалу́ги
xaralúgi
genitive харалу́га
xaralúga		 харалу́гов
xaralúgov
dative харалу́гу
xaralúgu		 харалу́гам
xaralúgam
accusative харалу́г
xaralúg		 харалу́ги
xaralúgi
instrumental харалу́гом
xaralúgom		 харалу́гами
xaralúgami
prepositional харалу́ге
xaralúge		 харалу́гах
xaralúgax

Derived terms
  • харалу́жный (xaralúžnyj)

References
  1. Validi, A. Zeki (1936) “Die Schwerter der Germanen, nach arabischen Berichten des 9.–11. Jahrhunderts”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 90, pages 33–36
  2. More in “Харалугъ”, in Словарь-справочник «Слова о полку Игореве», Leningrad: Наука, 1984
  3. Гедеоновъ, Степанъ Александровичъ (1876) Варяги и Русь (in Russian), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: типография Академии наук, page 330
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