կրուկն

• կրուկ (kruk)
• կրունկն (krunkn) — post-Classical

Composed of the root *կուր (*kur) +‎ -ուկն (-ukn). The origin of *կուր (*kur) is uncertain. It has been compared to Ancient Greek γυρός (gurós, “round, curved”), γῦρος (gûros, “circle”), Old Armenian կուռն (kuṙn, “back”), Laz ქური (kuri, “heel”), Urartian 𒆪𒊑𒂊 (ku-ri-e /⁠qurə, kuri, kure⁠/, “foot”), Hurrian 𒌨𒉌 (ur-ni /⁠urni; possibly ukrə, ukri, ukre⁠/, “foot”). The later form կրունկ (krunk) developed by an anticipation of the nasal.

կրուկն • (krukn)

1. heel

   Synonym: գարշապար (garšapar)

   դառնալ ընդ կրուկն, դարձ ընդ կրուկն առնել ― daṙnal ənd krukn, darj ənd krukn aṙnel ― to fall or go back, to recede, to go backwards, to retreat

   յետս ընդ կրուկն դառնալ, ընդ կրուկն նահանջիլ ― yets ənd krukn daṙnal, ənd krukn nahanǰil ― to turn back, to retrace one's steps

2. hinge

• Middle Armenian: կրունկ (krunk)
  • Armenian: կրունկ (krunk)

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “կրուկն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “կրուկն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Fournet, Arnaud (2013) “About the Vocalic System of Armenian Words of Substratic Origin”, in Archív Orientalni‎, volume 81, number 2, page 12 of 207–222
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 380
• Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 208
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “կրուկն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Viredaz, Rémy (2017) La dissimilation d'aperture vocalique en arménien (loi d'Olsen)‎ (in French), Handout of a paper presented at the 11th International Congress on Armenian Linguistics, Yerevan, 2‒5 October, 2017, page 23