համ-

See also: համ

Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Armenian համ- (ham-).

Pronunciation

Prefix

համ- • (ham-)

  1. same, homo-
  2. con-, co-
  3. whole, pan-

Derived terms
Armenian terms prefixed with համ-
Armenian terms prefixed with համա-
Armenian terms prefixed with հոմա-

Old Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from various Iranian descendants of Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“same”): compare Old Persian 𐏃𐎶 (h-m /⁠ham⁠/), Persian هم (ham)․[1] In some cases contaminated with native prefixes inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- and *sm̥-.[2] The same prefix is found in many terms wholly-borrowed from Iranian, e.g. համակ (hamak), համագունակ (hamagunak), հանգոյն (hangoyn), համակդեն (hamakden), հանդէս (handēs), համհարզ (hamharz).[1] The form հոմ- (hom-) was adapted post-classically by the Hellenizing School based on Ancient Greek ὁμο- (homo-).[1]

Prefix

համ- • (ham-)

  1. same, homo-
    ‎համ- (ham-) + ‎բուն (bun, “nature”) → ‎համաբնեայ (hamabneay, “of the same nature”)
  2. whole, pan-
    ‎համ- (ham-) + ‎գունդ (gund, “group”) → ‎համագունդ (hamagund, “in a united company, with all the company”)
  3. an intensifying prefix
    ‎համ- (ham-) + ‎լսեմ (lsem, “to listen”) → ‎համալսեմ (hamalsem, “to listen intently”)
    համարձակ ― hamarjak ― bold, free
  4. a pleonastic prefix
    համբառնամ ― hambaṙnam ― to elevate
    համբերեմ ― hamberem ― to have patience

Usage notes

Often used post-classically to calque Ancient Greek words with ὁμός (homós).[1]

Derived terms
Old Armenian terms prefixed with համ-
Old Armenian terms prefixed with համա-
Old Armenian terms prefixed with հան-
Category Old Armenian terms prefixed with հոմ- not found
Category Old Armenian terms prefixed with հոմա- not found

Descendants
  • Armenian: համ- (ham-)

References
  1. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “համ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, pages 17–19
  2. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 245, 566

Further reading
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