تنبور

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian tmbwl, tnbwl (tambūr) (Manichaean Middle Persian tmbwr (tambūr)). According to Watkins, possibly (with metathesis of consonants) from Ancient Greek πανδοῦρα (pandoûra, “three-stringed lute”).[1][2]

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.buːɾ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.buːɾ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.buɾ]

Readings
Classical reading? tanbūr
Dari reading? tanbūr
Iranian reading? tanbur
Tajik reading? tanbur

Noun

تنبور • (tanbur) (plural تنبورها (tanbur-hâ))

  1. tanbur

Inflection
    Basic forms of تنبور (tanbur)
singular plural
bare تنبور
(tanbur)		 تنبورها
(tanbur-hấ)
تنبورا △
(tanburấ)
definitive direct object تنبور را
(tanbur râ)
تنبور رو △
(tanburo)		 تنبورها را
(tanbur-hấ râ)
تنبورا رو △
(tanburấ ro)
ezâfe تنبور
(tanbur-e)		 تنبورهای
(tanbur-hấ-ye)
تنبورای △
(tanburấ-ye)
marked indefinite
or relative definite		 تنبوری
(tanbur-i)		 تنبورهایی
(tanburấn-i, tanbur-hấ-i)
تنبورایی △
(tanburấi)
△ Colloquial.
    Possessive forms of تنبور (tanbur)
singular plural
1st person singular
(“my”)		 تنبورم
(tanbúram)		 تنبورهایم
(tanbur-hấyam)
تنبورهام، تنبورام △
(tanburấm)
2nd person singular
(“your”)		 تنبورت
(tanbúrat)
[Term?] △
(tanbúret)		 تنبورهایت
(tanbur-hấyat)
تنبورهات، تنبورات △
(tanburất)
3rd person singular
(“his, her, its”)		 تنبورش
(tanbúraš)
[Term?] △
(tanbúreš)		 تنبورهایش
(tanbur-hấyaš)
تنبورهاش، تنبوراش △
(tanburấš)
1st plural
(“our”)		 تنبورمان
(tanbúremân)
تنبورمون △
(tanbúremun)		 تنبورهایمان
(tanbur-hấyemân)
تنبورهامون، تنبورامون △
(tanburấmun)
2nd plural
(“your”)		 تنبورتان
(tanbúretân)
تنبورتون △
(tanbúretun)		 تنبورهایتان
(tanbur-hấyetân)
تنبورهاتون، تنبوراتون △
(tanburấtun)
3rd plural
(“their”)		 تنبورشان
(tanbúrešân)
تنبورشون △
(tanbúrešun)		 تنبورهایشان
(tanbur-hấyešân)
تنبورهاشون، تنبوراشون △
(tanburấšun)
△ Colloquial.

References
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “tambūr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
  • Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) “tmbwr”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols
  1. “tanbur”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
  2. Baevskii, S. I. (2007). Early Persian Lexicography: Farhangs of the Eleventh to the Fifteenth Centuries. Netherlands: Brill., p. 192
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