قثاء

Arabic
قِثَّاء

Etymology
  • Leonid Kogan and Jussi Aro list it as being Proto-Semitic (which already Zimmern suspected), cognate to Ge'ez ቍሳይ (ḳʷəsay), ቈስያ (ḳʷäsya, “cucumber”), Akkadian 𒄾 (qiššû, “cucumber”), Hebrew קשוא (qiššūʾ, “Armenian cucumber”), Classical Syriac ܩܰܛܽܘܬܳܐ (qaṭṭūtā, “cucumber”) (one explains the Syriac middle consonant as having developed */t/ → /tˤ/ because of /q/).
  • It is a wanderwort found as Sumerian 𒄾 (ukuš2, “cucumber”) Ancient Greek σικύα (sikúa, “bottle gourd”), Ancient Greek σίκυος (síkuos), σικυός (sikuós), σίκυς (síkus, “cucumber”), Latin cucumis (“cucumber”), Old Armenian սեխ (sex, “muskmelon”), and possibly Proto-Slavic *tyky (“pumpkin, gourd”). Doublet of كُوسَا (kūsā, “zucchini”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /qiθ.θaːʔ/, /quθ.θaːʔ/

Noun

قِثَّاء or قُثَّاء • (qiṯṯāʔ or quṯṯāʔ) m (collective, singulative قِثَّاءَة f (qiṯṯāʔa) or قُثَّاءَة (quṯṯāʔa))

  1. Cucumis in general
  2. Armenian cucumber

Declension
Declension of noun قِثَّاء (qiṯṯāʔ)‎; قُثَّاء (quṯṯāʔ)
Collective basic collective triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قِثَّاء‎; قُثَّاء
qiṯṯāʔ‎; quṯṯāʔ		 الْقِثَّاء‎; الْقُثَّاء
al-qiṯṯāʔ‎; al-quṯṯāʔ		 قِثَّاء‎; قُثَّاء
qiṯṯāʔ‎; quṯṯāʔ
Nominative قِثَّاءٌ‎; قُثَّاءٌ
qiṯṯāʔun‎; quṯṯāʔun		 الْقِثَّاءُ‎; الْقُثَّاءُ
al-qiṯṯāʔu‎; al-quṯṯāʔu		 قِثَّاءُ‎; قُثَّاءُ
qiṯṯāʔu‎; quṯṯāʔu
Accusative قِثَّاءً‎; قُثَّاءً
qiṯṯāʔan‎; quṯṯāʔan		 الْقِثَّاءَ‎; الْقُثَّاءَ
al-qiṯṯāʔa‎; al-quṯṯāʔa		 قِثَّاءَ‎; قُثَّاءَ
qiṯṯāʔa‎; quṯṯāʔa
Genitive قِثَّاءٍ‎; قُثَّاءٍ
qiṯṯāʔin‎; quṯṯāʔin		 الْقِثَّاءِ‎; الْقُثَّاءِ
al-qiṯṯāʔi‎; al-quṯṯāʔi		 قِثَّاءِ‎; قُثَّاءِ
qiṯṯāʔi‎; quṯṯāʔi
Singulative singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قِثَّاءَة‎; قُثَّاءَة
qiṯṯāʔa‎; quṯṯāʔa		 الْقِثَّاءَة‎; الْقُثَّاءَة
al-qiṯṯāʔa‎; al-quṯṯāʔa		 قِثَّاءَة‎; قُثَّاءَة
qiṯṯāʔat‎; quṯṯāʔat
Nominative قِثَّاءَةٌ‎; قُثَّاءَةٌ
qiṯṯāʔatun‎; quṯṯāʔatun		 الْقِثَّاءَةُ‎; الْقُثَّاءَةُ
al-qiṯṯāʔatu‎; al-quṯṯāʔatu		 قِثَّاءَةُ‎; قُثَّاءَةُ
qiṯṯāʔatu‎; quṯṯāʔatu
Accusative قِثَّاءَةً‎; قُثَّاءَةً
qiṯṯāʔatan‎; quṯṯāʔatan		 الْقِثَّاءَةَ‎; الْقُثَّاءَةَ
al-qiṯṯāʔata‎; al-quṯṯāʔata		 قِثَّاءَةَ‎; قُثَّاءَةَ
qiṯṯāʔata‎; quṯṯāʔata
Genitive قِثَّاءَةٍ‎; قُثَّاءَةٍ
qiṯṯāʔatin‎; quṯṯāʔatin		 الْقِثَّاءَةِ‎; الْقُثَّاءَةِ
al-qiṯṯāʔati‎; al-quṯṯāʔati		 قِثَّاءَةِ‎; قُثَّاءَةِ
qiṯṯāʔati‎; quṯṯāʔati
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قِثَّاءَتَيْن‎; قُثَّاءَتَيْن
qiṯṯāʔatayn‎; quṯṯāʔatayn		 الْقِثَّاءَتَيْن‎; الْقُثَّاءَتَيْن
al-qiṯṯāʔatayn‎; al-quṯṯāʔatayn		 قِثَّاءَتَيْ‎; قُثَّاءَتَيْ
qiṯṯāʔatay‎; quṯṯāʔatay
Nominative قِثَّاءَتَانِ‎; قُثَّاءَتَانِ
qiṯṯāʔatāni‎; quṯṯāʔatāni		 الْقِثَّاءَتَانِ‎; الْقُثَّاءَتَانِ
al-qiṯṯāʔatāni‎; al-quṯṯāʔatāni		 قِثَّاءَتَا‎; قُثَّاءَتَا
qiṯṯāʔatā‎; quṯṯāʔatā
Accusative قِثَّاءَتَيْنِ‎; قُثَّاءَتَيْنِ
qiṯṯāʔatayni‎; quṯṯāʔatayni		 الْقِثَّاءَتَيْنِ‎; الْقُثَّاءَتَيْنِ
al-qiṯṯāʔatayni‎; al-quṯṯāʔatayni		 قِثَّاءَتَيْ‎; قُثَّاءَتَيْ
qiṯṯāʔatay‎; quṯṯāʔatay
Genitive قِثَّاءَتَيْنِ‎; قُثَّاءَتَيْنِ
qiṯṯāʔatayni‎; quṯṯāʔatayni		 الْقِثَّاءَتَيْنِ‎; الْقُثَّاءَتَيْنِ
al-qiṯṯāʔatayni‎; al-quṯṯāʔatayni		 قِثَّاءَتَيْ‎; قُثَّاءَتَيْ
qiṯṯāʔatay‎; quṯṯāʔatay
Paucal (3-10) sound feminine paucal
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قِثَّاءَات‎; قُثَّاءَات
qiṯṯāʔāt‎; quṯṯāʔāt		 الْقِثَّاءَات‎; الْقُثَّاءَات
al-qiṯṯāʔāt‎; al-quṯṯāʔāt		 قِثَّاءَات‎; قُثَّاءَات
qiṯṯāʔāt‎; quṯṯāʔāt
Nominative قِثَّاءَاتٌ‎; قُثَّاءَاتٌ
qiṯṯāʔātun‎; quṯṯāʔātun		 الْقِثَّاءَاتُ‎; الْقُثَّاءَاتُ
al-qiṯṯāʔātu‎; al-quṯṯāʔātu		 قِثَّاءَاتُ‎; قُثَّاءَاتُ
qiṯṯāʔātu‎; quṯṯāʔātu
Accusative قِثَّاءَاتٍ‎; قُثَّاءَاتٍ
qiṯṯāʔātin‎; quṯṯāʔātin		 الْقِثَّاءَاتِ‎; الْقُثَّاءَاتِ
al-qiṯṯāʔāti‎; al-quṯṯāʔāti		 قِثَّاءَاتِ‎; قُثَّاءَاتِ
qiṯṯāʔāti‎; quṯṯāʔāti
Genitive قِثَّاءَاتٍ‎; قُثَّاءَاتٍ
qiṯṯāʔātin‎; quṯṯāʔātin		 الْقِثَّاءَاتِ‎; الْقُثَّاءَاتِ
al-qiṯṯāʔāti‎; al-quṯṯāʔāti		 قِثَّاءَاتِ‎; قُثَّاءَاتِ
qiṯṯāʔāti‎; quṯṯāʔāti

Descendants
  • Egyptian Arabic: قتا (ʔatta, “a long variety of cucumber”)
  • → Amharic: ቋሳ (ḳʷasa, “cucumber”)
  • → Ge'ez: ቀታ (ḳäta, “cucumber”)

References
  • Aro, Jussi (1963) “Gemeinsemitische Ackerbauterminologie”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 113, pages 478–479
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 203
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “قثاء”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
  • Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 530–535
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “قثاء”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1002
  • Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 58
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