نامه

See also: نامە and نامہ

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGLTA) / [Book Pahlavi needed] (nʾmk' /⁠nāmag⁠/, “book, letter, any written text”), equivalent to nām (“name”) (itself from Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma (“name”))[1] + -ak (derivative suffix), originally a "name-list" or catalogue of products made for economic or bureaucratic purposes, this being the most common use of writing in early Iranian languages.[2] By surface analysis, نام (nâm, “name”) +‎ ـه (-e), but rarely analyzed or understood as such. Compare Old Armenian նամակ (namak, “letter, writing”), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [nɑː.mǽ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [nɑː.mǽ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [nɔː.mǽ]

Readings
Classical reading? nāma
Dari reading? nāma
Iranian reading? nâme
Tajik reading? noma
  • Audio (Iran)(file)

Noun
Dari نامه
Iranian Persian
Tajik нома

نامه • (nâme) (plural نامه‌ها (nâme-hâ))

  1. letter (written or printed communication)
  2. (archaic, or in compounds) book; anything written
    Synonym: کتاب (ketâb)
    روزنامه ― ruznâme ― daily newspaper (literally, “day-book”)
    فیلمنامه ― filmnâme ― screenplay (literally, “film-book”)

Derived terms
  • اعتبارنامه (e'tebâr-nâme, “letter of credit”)
  • اعتراض‌نامه (e'terâz-nâme, “letter of protest”)
  • امان‌نامه (emân-nâme)
  • تقدیرنامه (taqdir-nâme, “letter of commendation”)
  • رزم‌نامه (razm-nâme, Mughal translation of the Mahabharata, literally “book of war”)
  • روزنامه (ruznâme, “newspaper”)
  • زندگی‌نامه (zendegi-nâme, “biography”, literally “book of life”)
  • سالنامه (sâlnâme)
  • سفرنامه (safarnâme, “travelogue”)
  • شاهنامه (šâhnâme, “the Shahnameh”, literally “book of kings”)
  • شجره‌نامه (šajare-nâme, “genealogy”)
  • طلاق‌نامه (talâq-nâme, “decree of divorce”)
  • فیلمنامه (filmnâme, “screenplay”)
  • لغت‌نامه (loğat-nâme, “dictionary”)
  • ماهنامه (mâhnâme)
  • معرفی‌نامه (moa'rrefi-nâme, “letter of recommendation”)
  • نامه‌بر (nâme-bar, “letter carrier”)
  • نامه‌رسان (nâme-resân, “letter carrier”)
  • نامه‌نویس (nâme-nevis)
  • هبه‌نامه (hebe-nâme, “deed of gift”)
  • هفته‌نامه (hafte-nâme)
  • وصیت‌نامه (vasiyat-nâme, “will”)
  • وکالتنامه (vekâlat-nâme, “power of attorney; proxy”)
  • پایان‌نامه (pâyân-nâme)
  • گاهنامه (gâhnâme)
  • گواهی‌نامه (gavâhi-nâme, “credential”)
  • گیرنده‌نامه (gīrande-nâme, “addressee”)

Descendants
  • → Azerbaijani: namə / نامه
  • → Bengali: -নামা (-nama)
  • → Gujarati: નામું (nāmũ), નામા (nāmā)
  • → Hindustani:
    Hindi: नामा (nāmā)
    Urdu: نامہ (nāma)
  • Kurdish:
    Central Kurdish: نامە (name)
    Northern Kurdish: name
  • → Ottoman Turkish: نامه (nâme)
  • → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਮਾ (nāmā)
    Shahmukhi script: نامہ (nāma)
  • → Uzbek: noma

References
  1. Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 539
  2. Lurje, Pavel B. (2022) “Considerations on the Etymology of Persian nāmeh”, in The Reward of the Righteous: Festschrift in Honour of Almut Hintze, pages 297—306

Further reading
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “nāmag”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 57
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “նամակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 425b
  • “nmq”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
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