پولاد

See also: بولاد

Persian

Alternative forms

فولاد (fulâd)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pwlʾpt'), 𐫛𐫇𐫓𐫀𐫇𐫅 (pwlʾwd /⁠pōlāwad⁠/). Probably from Old Persian *paurāvat-/*paurāvatī (meaning: “(equipped) with sharp metal blade”). Cognate with Iranian borrowing Old Armenian պողովատ (połovat), պողոպատ (połopat).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [poː.ˈlɑːð]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰoː.lɑ́ːd̪]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰoː.lɑ́ːd̪]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰʊː.lɔ́ːd̪̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰuː.lɒ́ːd̪̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰɵ.lɔ́d̪]

Readings
Classical reading^?	pōlāḏ
Dari reading^?	pōlād
Iranian reading^?	pulâd
Tajik reading^?	pülod

Noun


Iranian Persian	پولاد
Dari	پولاد
Tajik	пӯлод

پولاد • (pōlād) (Classical Persian Transliteration)

Early Classical form of (fulâd, “steel”)

Derived terms

پولادبازو (pōlād-bāzū)
پولادخای (pōlād-xāy)
پولاددست (pōlād-dast)
پولادرنگ (pōlād-rang)
پولادرگ (pōlād-rag)
پولادریز (pōlād-rīz)
پولادریزی (pōlād-rīzī)
پولادسای (pōlād-sāy)
پولادسم (pōlād-sum)
پولادسنب (pōlād-sunb)
پولادسنج (pōlād-sanj)
پولادمیخ (pōlād-mīx)
پولادنعل (pōlād-na'l)
پولادوار (pōlād-wār)
پولادپوش (pōlād-pōš)
پولادگداز (pōlād-gudāz)
پولادگدازی (pōlād-gudāzī)
پولادی (pōlādī)
پولادین (pōdīn)

Descendants

→ Arabic: فُولَاذ (fūlāḏ), بُولَاد (būlād)
- Andalusian Arabic: فُولَاذ
- Egyptian Arabic: بولاد (bulād)
→ Aramaic:
- Classical Syriac: ܦܘܠܕ (pūlāḏ)
→ Azerbaijani: polad
→ Bashkir: Булат (Bulat)
→ Buryat: булад (bulad)
→ Chagatai:
- Uyghur:
  Arabic script: پولات (polat)
  
  Cyrillic script: полат (polat)
- Uzbek:
  Cyrillic script: пўлат (poʻlat)
  
  Latin script: poʻlat
→ Georgian: ფოლადი (poladi)
- → Bats: ფოლად (polad)
- → Mingrelian: ფოლანდი (polandi), ფულანდი (pulandi)
- → Svan: ფოლა̈დ (poläd)
→ Gujarati: પોલાદ (polād)
→ Hebrew: פלדה (pladá)
→ Kazakh:
Arabic script: بولات

Cyrillic script: болат (bolat)
→ Kyrgyz: болот (bolot)
→ Middle Armenian: փոլատ (pʻolat), փօլատ (pʻōlat)
→ Middle Mongol:
- Classical Mongolian: ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠳ (bolud)
  - Mongolian:
    Mongolian script: ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠳ (bolud)
    
    Cyrillic script: болд (bold)
- → Chinese: 孛羅／孛罗 (Bóluó)
- → Written Oirat: ᡋᡆᠯᡆᡑ (bolod)
  - Kalmyk: болд (bold)
→ Ossetian: болат (bolat) (via Turkic)
→ Russian: булат (bulat) (via Turkic)
- → English: bulat
→ Ottoman Turkish: پولاد (pûlâd, polâd)
- Turkish: polat
Siberian Turkic (via Kipchak or Mongolic):
- → Khakas: молат (molat)
- → Shor: молат (molat)
- → Northern Altai: полот (polot)
- → Tofa: болат (bolat)
- → Tuvan: болат (bolat)
→ Turkmen: polat

Proper noun


Iranian Persian	پولاد
Dari	پولاد
Tajik	Пӯлод

پولاد • (pôlâd)

a male given name, Poulad, Poolad

Descendants

→ Bashkir: Булат (Bulat), Бикбулат (Bikbulat)
→ Kazakh: Болат (Bolat)
→ Kyrgyz: Болот (Bolot)
→ Turkish: Polat
→ Uyghur: پولات (polat)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “pōlāwad”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 69
Hassandoust, Mohammad (2014), “پولاد”, in فرهنگ ریشه‌شناختی زبان فارسی (Etymological Dictionary of Persian), Volume 2, Tehran, Iran: گروه نشر آثار فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی (Academy of Persian Language and Literature Press), p. 751

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