کشمش

Persian

Alternative forms
  • کشمیش (kešmiš)

Etymology

Unknown; possibly borrowed from Turkic, as the green, seedless variety used is said to originate in Bokhara, Uzbekistan.[1] Compare Azerbaijani kişmiş (“raisin”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.mɪ́ʃ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.mɪ́ʃ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.míʃ]
 

Readings
Classical reading? kišmiš
Dari reading? kišmiš
Iranian reading? kešmeš
Tajik reading? kišmiš

Noun

کشمش • (kešmeš)

  1. raisin, sultana raisin, currant
  2. sultana grape (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera cv. Sultana)

Descendants
  • → Arabic: كِشْمِش (kišmiš)
  • → Assamese: কিচমিচ (kismis)
  • → Azerbaijani: kişmiş
  • → Bengali: কিশমিশ (kiśmiś)
  • → Chagatai: كِشْمِش
  • → Gujarati: કિશમિશ (kiśmiś)
  • → Georgian: ქიშმიში (kišmiši)
  • → Javanese: kismis
  • → Malay: kismis (کيسميس)
  • → Pashto: کشمش (kišmiš)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: كشمش (kişmiş), كشمشك (kişmişk)
    • Turkish: kişmiş
    • → Armenian: քիշմիշ (kʻišmiš), քիշնիշ (kʻišniš)
  • → Tatar: кишмиш (kişmiş)
    • → Russian: кишмиш (kišmiš)
  • → Turkmen: kişmiş
  • → Yagnobi: кишмиш (kišmiš)

References
  1. Laufer, Berthold (1919) Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products (Fieldiana, Anthropology; 15), volume 3, Chicago: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, page 231
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