ὀρφανός
See also: ορφανός
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”), from *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”). Cognate with Latin orbus (“orphaned”), Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha, “small”), Old Armenian որբ (orb, “orphan”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /or.pʰa.nós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /or.pʰaˈnos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /or.ɸaˈnos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /or.faˈnos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /or.faˈnos/
Adjective
ὀρφᾰνός • (orphanós) m (feminine ὀρφᾰνή, neuter ὀρφᾰνόν); first/second declension
Inflection
In some writings, the adjective is declined -ός, -όν.
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | ὀρφᾰνός orphanós |
ὀρφᾰνή orphanḗ |
ὀρφᾰνόν orphanón |
ὀρφᾰνώ orphanṓ |
ὀρφᾰνᾱ́ orphanā́ |
ὀρφᾰνώ orphanṓ |
ὀρφᾰνοί orphanoí |
ὀρφᾰναί orphanaí |
ὀρφᾰνᾰ́ orphaná | |||||
| Genitive | ὀρφᾰνοῦ orphanoû |
ὀρφᾰνῆς orphanês |
ὀρφᾰνοῦ orphanoû |
ὀρφᾰνοῖν orphanoîn |
ὀρφᾰναῖν orphanaîn |
ὀρφᾰνοῖν orphanoîn |
ὀρφᾰνῶν orphanôn |
ὀρφᾰνῶν orphanôn |
ὀρφᾰνῶν orphanôn | |||||
| Dative | ὀρφᾰνῷ orphanôi |
ὀρφᾰνῇ orphanêi |
ὀρφᾰνῷ orphanôi |
ὀρφᾰνοῖν orphanoîn |
ὀρφᾰναῖν orphanaîn |
ὀρφᾰνοῖν orphanoîn |
ὀρφᾰνοῖς orphanoîs |
ὀρφᾰναῖς orphanaîs |
ὀρφᾰνοῖς orphanoîs | |||||
| Accusative | ὀρφᾰνόν orphanón |
ὀρφᾰνήν orphanḗn |
ὀρφᾰνόν orphanón |
ὀρφᾰνώ orphanṓ |
ὀρφᾰνᾱ́ orphanā́ |
ὀρφᾰνώ orphanṓ |
ὀρφᾰνούς orphanoús |
ὀρφᾰνᾱ́ς orphanā́s |
ὀρφᾰνᾰ́ orphaná | |||||
| Vocative | ὀρφᾰνέ orphané |
ὀρφᾰνή orphanḗ |
ὀρφᾰνόν orphanón |
ὀρφᾰνώ orphanṓ |
ὀρφᾰνᾱ́ orphanā́ |
ὀρφᾰνώ orphanṓ |
ὀρφᾰνοί orphanoí |
ὀρφᾰναί orphanaí |
ὀρφᾰνᾰ́ orphaná | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| ὀρφᾰνῶς orphanôs |
ὀρφᾰνώτερος orphanṓteros |
ὀρφᾰνώτᾰτος orphanṓtatos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ὀρφανία (orphanía)
- ὀρφανίζω (orphanízō)
- ὀρφανιστής (orphanistḗs)
- ὀρφᾰνοφῠ́λᾰξ (orphanophúlax)
Further reading
- “ὀρφανός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὀρφανός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ὀρφανός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ὀρφανός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ὀρφανός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ὀρφανός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G3737 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- ὀρφανός in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
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