ブラック

Japanese

Etymology

Borrowed from English black.[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ブラ​ック [bùráꜜkkù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1][3]
  • IPA(key): [bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

ブラック • (burakku) 

  1. black (color)
    Synonym: 黒い (kuroi)
  2. a black (person), black people (member of any of various ethnic groups typically having dark skin)
    Synonym: 黒人 (kokujin)
    • 1995, Tsuji Shin'ichi, Buraku myūjikku saeareba [As long as there is Black music], page 218:
      そういえばディオンヌ・ファリスも「ヒューマン」という歌(うた)の中(なか)でこんなふうに言(い)っていたなあ。ブラックである前(まえ)にわたしはヒューマン。ブラックであるからわたしはヒューマン。この一(いっ)見(けん)矛(む)盾(じゅん)したふたつのフレーズの両(りょう)方(ほう)をぼくも大(だい)事(じ)にしていきたいと思(おも)っている。
      Sō ieba Dionnu Farisu mo “Hyūman” to iu uta no naka de kon na fū ni itteita nā. Burakku de aru mae ni watashi wa hyūman. Burakku de aru kara watashi wa hyūman. Kono ikken mujun shita futatsu no furēzu no ryōhō o boku mo daiji ni shiteikitai to omotteiru.
      It’s like Dionne Farris says in her song “Human”: Before I am Black I am human. Because I am Black I am human. I think that both of these seemingly contradictory phrases are important to keep in mind.
    • 2008, Kobayashi Shin'ichi, Buraku? Howaito? [Black? White?], page 167:
      この橋(はし)をまとめると、「ブラック」と「ホワイト」の人(じん)類(るい)差(さ)別(べつ)に直(ちょっ)結(けつ)する。井(い)伊(い)直(なお)弼(すけ)にとって、徳(とく)川(がわ)家(け)とその執(しっ)行(こう)機(き)関(かん)こそが「ホワイト」であり、それ以(い)外(がい)のすべての日(に)本(ほん)人(じん)はことごとく「ブラック」なのであった。
      Kono hashi o matomeruto, “burakku” to “howaito” no jinrui sabetsu ni chokketsu suru. Ī Naosuke ni totte, Tokugawa-ke to sono shikkō kikan koso ga “howaito” de ari, sore igai no subete no Nihonjin wa kotogotoku “burakku” nano de atta.
      In this way there is a direct connection with racial discrimination between “black” and “white”. For Naosuke Ii, the Tokugawa clan and its executive retainers were “white”, and all other Japanese people were “black”.
    • 2022, Jie-Hyun Lim, translated by Sawada Katsumi, Giseisha ishiki nashonarizumu: kokkyō o koeru ‘kioku’ no sensō [Victimhood nationalism: ‘memory’ of the war across borders]‎, translation of Victimhood Nationalism:
      フランスジャコバン派(は)の共(きょう)和(わ)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)的(てき)民(みん)族(ぞく)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)、フランス革(かく)命(めい)を普(ふ)遍(へん)化(か)した 1791年(ねん)のハイチ「ブラック・ジャコバン」の解(かい)放(ほう)民(みん)族(ぞく)主(しゅ)義(ぎ)、 1848年(ねん)革(かく)命(めい)当(とう)時(じ)の中(ちゅう)東(とう)欧(おう)を席(せっ)巻(けん)した民(みん)族(ぞく)的(てき)ロマン主(しゅ)義(ぎ)
      Furansu Jakoban-ha no kyōwa shugiteki minzoku shugi, Furansu kakumei o fuhenka shita 1791-nen no Haichi “Burakku Jakoban” no kaihō minzoku shugi, 1848-nen kakumei tōji no chūtōō o sekken shita minzokuteki roman shugi
      the republican nationalism of France’s Jacobins, the emancipatory nationalism of Haiti’s “Black Jacobins” who universalized the French Revolution, the romantic nationalism that swept Central and Eastern Europe during the 1848 revolution
  3. Ellipsis of ブラックコーヒー (burakku kōhī, “black coffee”).
    ブラックでお願(ねが)いします。
    Burakku de o-negaishimasu.
    Black, please.
  4. Ellipsis of ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, “exploitative company”, literally “black company”).
    ブラックに就(しゅう)職(しょく)する
    burakku ni shūshoku suru
    work for an exploitative employer
  5. (finance, business) Ellipsis of ブラックリスト (burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”).
    携(けい)帯(たい)ブラック
    keitai burakku
    cellphone blacklist → blacklisted by the industry and unable to sign up for new cellphone contracts

Derived terms

Adjective

ブラック • (burakku) 

  1. brutal, in the style of a ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, literally “black company”)
    ブラックな労(ろう)働(どう)環(かん)境(きょう)
    burakku na rōdō kankyō
    miserable working conditions

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. “ブラック”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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