中破
Chinese
middle; centre; within middle; centre; within; among; in; while (doing sth); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark) |
to break; to split; broken to break; to split; broken; damaged; worn out | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (中破) |
中 | 破 | |
Pronunciation
Noun
中破
- (rail transport) medium damage; moderate damage
- 動車組車輛報廢7輛、大破2輛、中破5輛、輕微小破15輛 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2011, “7·23”甬温线特别重大铁路交通事故调查报告
- dòngchēzǔ chēliàng bàofèi 7 liàng, dàpò 2 liàng, zhōngpò 5 liàng, qīngwēi xiǎopò 15 liàng [Pinyin]
- [caused] 7 EMU vehicles scrapped, 2 severely damaged, 5 medium damaged, and 15 were slightly damaged
动车组车辆报废7辆、大破2辆、中破5辆、轻微小破15辆 [MSC, simp.]
Usage notes
Only used in the China Railway system. The severity is pursuant to CR's Rules for Handling Railway Traffic Accidents.
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 中 | 破 |
| ちゅう Grade: 1 |
は Grade: 5 |
| on’yomi | |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "中破する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 中破し | ちゅうはし | chūha shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 中破し | ちゅうはし | chūha shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 中破する | ちゅうはする | chūha suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 中破する | ちゅうはする | chūha suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 中破すれ | ちゅうはすれ | chūha sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 中破せよ¹ 中破しろ² |
ちゅうはせよ¹ ちゅうはしろ² |
chūha seyo¹ chūha shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 中破される | ちゅうはされる | chūha sareru | |
| Causative | 中破させる 中破さす |
ちゅうはさせる ちゅうはさす |
chūha saseru chūha sasu | |
| Potential | 中破できる | ちゅうはできる | chūha dekiru | |
| Volitional | 中破しよう | ちゅうはしよう | chūha shiyō | |
| Negative | 中破しない | ちゅうはしない | chūha shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 中破せず | ちゅうはせず | chūha sezu | |
| Formal | 中破します | ちゅうはします | chūha shimasu | |
| Perfective | 中破した | ちゅうはした | chūha shita | |
| Conjunctive | 中破して | ちゅうはして | chūha shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 中破すれば | ちゅうはすれば | chūha sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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