塾

塾 U+587E, 塾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-587E
← 塽
[U+587D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 塿 →
[U+587F]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

塾 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜戈土 (YIG), four-corner 05104, composition ⿱孰土)

  1. village school
  2. private tutorage

Derived characters
  • 𨷙

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 237, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5402
  • Dae Jaweon: page 475, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 481, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+587E

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 塾

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 塾
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (孰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
熟 *djɯwɢ
孰 *djɯwɢ
塾 *djɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djɯwɢ) : phonetic 孰 (OC *djɯwɢ) + semantic 土 (“soil”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 塾
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 殊六切
Baxter dzyuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑiuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑiuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑuwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 suk6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 塾
Reading # 1/1
No. 11799
Phonetic
component		 孰
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 熟
Old
Chinese		 /*djɯwɢ/

Definitions

塾

  1. old-style private school

Compounds
  • 塾師／塾师 (shúshī)
  • 塾掌
  • 學塾／学塾
  • 家塾
  • 敝塾
  • 村塾
  • 私塾 (sīshú)
  • 私塾先生
  • 義塾／义塾
  • 門塾／门塾

Japanese

Kanji
塾

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. cram school

Readings

Pronunciation
Kanji in this term
塾
じゅく
Grade: S
on’yomi
  • (Tokyo) じゅ​く [júꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

塾(じゅく) • (juku) 

  1. a cram school
    Synonym: 学習塾 (gakushū juku)
    • 2006 November 17, Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya, “獄(ごく)門(もん)塾(じゅく)殺(さつ)人(じん)事(じ)件(けん)１(いち) [The Prison Gate Cram School Murder Case #1]”, in 獄門塾殺人事件（上） [The Prison Gate Cram School Murder Case (First Book)] (金田一少年の事件簿) (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:
      ところで草(そう)太(た)君(くん)の通(かよ)ってるこの塾(じゅく)——ホント名(な)前(まえ)どおりのコワソーな塾(じゅく)ね！
      Tokoro de Sōta-kun no kayotteru kono juku—— honto namae dōri no kowasō na juku ne!
      By the way Sōta, this cram school you’re studying at, it seems as hellish as its name suggests!
      ああ！「極(ごく)問(もん)塾(じゅく)」だろ？ホントは学(がく)問(もん)を極(きわ)めるっていう意(い)味(み)の「極(ごく)問(もん)」らしいんだけど　あんまりスパルタなんでこっちの「獄(ごく)門(もん)」って陰(かげ)ではいわれてるんだ！
      Ā!“Gokumon-juku” daro? Honto wa gakumon o kiwameru tte iu imi no “Gokumon” rashii n da kedo anmari Suparuta na n de kotchi no “Gokumon”tte kage de wa iwareteru n da!
      Oh! You mean “Gokumon Cram School”? “Gokumon” actually means something like ‘studying a field deeply’, but people just go with “Gokumon” as in ‘prison gate’ because of its harsh conditions!
      やだ！コワイ！
      Ya da! Kowai!
      No way! That’s spooky!

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 塾 (MC dzyuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 슉〮 (syúk) (Yale: syuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 塾 (eumhun 글방 숙 (geulbang suk))

  1. Hanja form? of 숙 (“private school”).

Compounds
Compounds
  • 서숙 (書塾, seosuk)
  • 사숙 (私塾, sasuk)
  • 숙당 (塾堂, sukdang)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

塾: Hán Nôm readings: thục

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