撫でる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
撫
な
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese verb 撫づ (nadu → nazu).

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "撫でる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 撫でる なで​る [nàdéꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 撫でろ なで​ろ [nàdéꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive 撫でられる なでられ​る [nàdéráréꜜrù]
Causative 撫でさせる なでさせ​る [nàdésáséꜜrù]
Potential 撫でられる なでられ​る [nàdéráréꜜrù]
Volitional 撫でよう なでよ​ー [nàdéyóꜜò]
Negative 撫でない なで​ない [nàdéꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 撫でなかった なで​なかった [nàdéꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 撫でます なでま​す [nàdémáꜜsù]
Perfective 撫でた な​でた [náꜜdètà]
Conjunctive 撫でて な​でて [náꜜdètè]
Hypothetical conditional 撫でれば なで​れば [nàdéꜜrèbà]

Verb

撫(な)でる • (naderu) transitive ichidan (stem 撫(な)で (nade), past 撫(な)でた (nadeta))

  1. to stroke, caress

Conjugation
Conjugation of "撫でる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 撫で なで nade
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 撫で なで nade
Shūshikei ("terminal") 撫でる なでる naderu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 撫でる なでる naderu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 撫でれ なでれ nadere
Meireikei ("imperative") 撫でよ¹
撫でろ²		 なでよ¹
なでろ²		 nadeyo¹
nadero²
Key constructions
Passive 撫でられる なでられる naderareru
Causative 撫でさせる
撫でさす		 なでさせる
なでさす		 nadesaseru
nadesasu
Potential 撫でられる
撫でれる³		 なでられる
なでれる³		 naderareru
nadereru³
Volitional 撫でよう なでよう nadeyō
Negative 撫でない
撫でぬ
撫でん		 なでない
なでぬ
なでん		 nadenai
nadenu
naden
Negative continuative 撫でず なでず nadezu
Formal 撫でます なでます nademasu
Perfective 撫でた なでた nadeta
Conjunctive 撫でて なでて nadete
Hypothetical conditional 撫でれば なでれば nadereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms
Derived terms

Idioms
  • 顎(あご)を撫(な)でる (ago o naderu)
  • 髭(ひげ)を撫(な)でる (hige o naderu)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. The template Template:R:ja:Martin 1987 does not use the parameter(s): 
    page=703
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
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