砕く
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 砕 |
| くだ Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 碎く (kyūjitai) 摧く |
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "砕く"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
砕く | くだく | [kùdáꜜkù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 砕け | くだけ | [kùdáꜜkè] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 砕かれる | くだかれる | [kùdákáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 砕かせる | くだかせる | [kùdákáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 砕ける | くだける | [kùdákéꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 砕こう | くだこー | [kùdákóꜜò] |
| Negative | 砕かない | くだかない | [kùdákáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 砕かなかった | くだかなかった | [kùdákáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 砕きます | くだきます | [kùdákímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 砕いた | くだいた | [kùdáꜜìtà] |
| Conjunctive | 砕いて | くだいて | [kùdáꜜìtè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 砕けば | くだけば | [kùdáꜜkèbà] |
Verb
砕く • (kudaku) transitive godan (stem 砕き (kudaki), past 砕いた (kudaita))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 砕く |
| mediopassive | 砕ける |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "砕く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 砕か | くだか | kudaka |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 砕き | くだき | kudaki |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 砕く | くだく | kudaku |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 砕く | くだく | kudaku |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 砕け | くだけ | kudake |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 砕け | くだけ | kudake |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 砕かれる | くだかれる | kudakareru |
| Causative | 砕かせる 砕かす |
くだかせる くだかす |
kudakaseru kudakasu |
| Potential | 砕ける | くだける | kudakeru |
| Volitional | 砕こう | くだこう | kudakō |
| Negative | 砕かない | くだかない | kudakanai |
| Negative continuative | 砕かず | くだかず | kudakazu |
| Formal | 砕きます | くだきます | kudakimasu |
| Perfective | 砕いた | くだいた | kudaita |
| Conjunctive | 砕いて | くだいて | kudaite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 砕けば | くだけば | kudakeba |
Classical conjugation of "砕く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 砕か | くだか | kudaka |
| Continuative (連用形) | 砕き | くだき | kudaki |
| Terminal (終止形) | 砕く | くだく | kudaku |
| Attributive (連体形) | 砕く | くだく | kudaku |
| Realis (已然形) | 砕け | くだけ | kudake |
| Imperative (命令形) | 砕け | くだけ | kudake |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 砕かず | くだかず | kudakazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 砕けど | くだけど | kudakedo |
| Causal conjunction | 砕けば | くだけば | kudakeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 砕かば | くだかば | kudakaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 砕きき | くだきき | kudakiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 砕きけり | くだきけり | kudakikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 砕きつ | くだきつ | kudakitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 砕きぬ | くだきぬ | kudakinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 砕けり 砕きたり | くだけり くだきたり | kudakeri kudakitari |
| Volitional | 砕かむ | くだかむ | kudakamu |
References
- Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
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