聞こゆ

Japanese
Kanji in this term
聞
き
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology

⟨ki1ka yu⟩ → ⟨ki1ko2yu⟩ → */kʲikəju/ → /kikoju/

From Old Japanese. Cognate with Kunigami ひかーりん (hikaːrin) ～ しかーりん (ɕikaːriɴ), Okinawan ちくぃーゆん (tɕikwiːyuɴ), Miyako きぅかいいぅ (kɿkaiɿ). Classical form of Modern Japanese 聞こえる (kikoeru).

Derived from the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of 聞く (kiku, “to hear, listen”) kika + ゆ (-yu, attributive suffix).[1][2]

Verb

聞(き)こゆ • (kikoyu) intransitive †nidan

  1. (archaic) to be heard
  2. (archaic) to be audible
  3. (archaic, humble) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Synonyms: 申す (mōsu), 申し上げる (mōshiageru)

Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "聞こゆ" (ヤ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 聞こえきこえkikoe
Continuative (連用形) 聞こえきこえkikoe
Terminal (終止形) 聞こゆきこゆkikoyu
Attributive (連体形) 聞こゆるきこゆるkikoyuru
Realis (已然形) 聞こゆれきこゆれkikoyure
Imperative (命令形) 聞こえよきこえよkikoeyo
Key constructions
Negative 聞こえずきこえずkikoezu
Contrasting conjunction 聞こゆれどきこゆれどkikoyuredo
Causal conjunction 聞こゆればきこゆればkikoyureba
Conditional conjunction 聞こえばきこえばkikoeba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 聞こえききこえきkikoeki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 聞こえけりきこえけりkikoekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 聞こえつきこえつkikoetu
Perfect tense (natural event) 聞こえぬきこえぬkikoenu
Perfect-continuative tense 聞こえたりきこえたりkikoetari
Volitional 聞こえむきこえむkikoemu

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 聞(き)こえる (kikoeru, modern form)
  • 聞(き)こえ (kikoe, continuative form)
  • 聞(き)こえ合(あ)う (kikoeau)
  • 聞(き)こえ出(い)づ (kikoeizu)
  • 聞(き)こえ返(かえ)す (kikoekaesu)
  • 聞(き)こえ通(かよ)う (kikoekayō)
  • 聞(き)こえ交(か)わす (kikoekawasu)
  • 聞(き)こえ言(ご)つ (kikoegotsu)
  • 聞(き)こえ止(さ)す (kikoesasu)
  • 聞(き)こえ遣(や)る (kikoeyaru)
  • 事(こと)の聞(き)こえ (koto no kikoe)
  • 取(と)り聞(き)こゆ (torikikoyu)
  • 物(もの)聞(き)こゆ (monokikoyu)
  • 鶏犬(けいけん)相(あい)聞(き)こゆ (keiken aikikoyu)
  • 丸(まる)聞(ぎ)こえ (marugikoe)
  • 物(も)の聞(のき)こえ (mono no kikoe)
  • 世(よ)の聞(き)こゆ (yo no kikoyu)

Proverbs
  • 鶴(つる)九皐(きゅうこう)に鳴(な)き声(こえ)天(てん)に聞(き)こゆ (tsuru kyūkō ni nakikoe ten ni kikoyu)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Old Japanese

Etymology

Derived from the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of 聞く (ki1ku, “to hear, listen”) ki1ka + ゆ (-yu, attributive suffix).

Verb

聞こゆ (ki1ko2yu) (kana きこゆ)

  1. to be heard
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3438:
      , text here
      都武賀野尓須受我於等伎許由可牟思太能等能乃奈可知師登我里須良思母
      Tumugano1 ni suzu ga oto2 ki1ko2yu Kamusida no2 to2no2 no2 nakati si to2gari sura simo
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "聞こゆ" (ヤ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 聞こえきこえkikoe
Continuative (連用形) 聞こえきこえkikoe
Terminal (終止形) 聞こゆきこゆkikoyu
Attributive (連体形) 聞こゆるきこゆるkikoyuru
Realis (已然形) 聞こゆれきこゆれkikoyure
Imperative (命令形) 聞こえよきこえよkikoeyo
Key constructions
Negative 聞こえずきこえずkikoezu
Contrasting conjunction 聞こゆれどきこゆれどkikoyuredo
Causal conjunction 聞こゆればきこゆればkikoyureba
Conditional conjunction 聞こえばきこえばkikoeba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 聞こえききこえきkikoeki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 聞こえけりきこえけりkikoekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 聞こえつきこえつkikoetu
Perfect tense (natural event) 聞こえぬきこえぬkikoenu
Perfect-continuative tense 聞こえたりきこえたりkikoetari
Volitional 聞こえむきこえむkikoemu

Descendants
  • Japanese: 聞こゆ (kikoyu)
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