腫れる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 腫 |
| は Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 脹れる 瘇れる |
Etymology
From Old Japanese.[1] Appears in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE.[2]
Originally from the 已然形 (izenkei, “realis form”) of verb 張る (haru, “to become taut or tense”).[1]
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "腫れる"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
腫れる | はれる | [hàrérú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 腫れろ | はれろ | [hàréró] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 腫れられる | はれられる | [hàrérárérú] |
| Causative | 腫れさせる | はれさせる | [hàrésásérú] |
| Potential | - | - | - |
| Volitional | 腫れよう | はれよー | [hàréyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 腫れない | はれない | [hàrénáí] |
| Negative perfective | 腫れなかった | はれなかった | [hàrénáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 腫れます | はれます | [hàrémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 腫れた | はれた | [hàrétá] |
| Conjunctive | 腫れて | はれて | [hàrété] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 腫れれば | はれれば | [hàréréꜜbà] |
Verb
腫れる • (hareru) intransitive ichidan (stem 腫れ (hare), past 腫れた (hareta))
- (of a body part) to swell (from inflammation)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "腫れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 腫れ | はれ | hare | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 腫れ | はれ | hare | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 腫れる | はれる | hareru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 腫れる | はれる | hareru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 腫れれ | はれれ | harere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 腫れよ¹ 腫れろ² |
はれよ¹ はれろ² |
hareyo¹ harero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 腫れられる | はれられる | harerareru | |
| Causative | 腫れさせる 腫れさす |
はれさせる はれさす |
haresaseru haresasu | |
| Potential | 腫れられる 腫れれる³ |
はれられる はれれる³ |
harerareru harereru³ | |
| Volitional | 腫れよう | はれよう | hareyō | |
| Negative | 腫れない 腫れぬ 腫れん |
はれない はれぬ はれん |
harenai harenu haren | |
| Negative continuative | 腫れず | はれず | harezu | |
| Formal | 腫れます | はれます | haremasu | |
| Perfective | 腫れた | はれた | hareta | |
| Conjunctive | 腫れて | はれて | harete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 腫れれば | はれれば | harereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- , text here
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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