-ais

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ais"

French

Pronunciation

  • (France, Quebec) IPA(key): /ɛ/
  • (Africa) IPA(key): /e/

Etymology 1

From Middle French -ois, from conflation of Latin -ēbās and -iēbas — second, third, and fourth conjugation variants of -bās, later generalized to all verbs.

Suffix

-ais

  1. forms the first-person and second-person singular imperfect indicative form of a verb
    Je regardais la télé pendant que tu parlais au téléphone.
    I was watching the telly while you were talking on the phone.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old French -eis (feminine form -esche). In some senses from Late Latin, Vulgar Latin -iscus (from Frankish *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”), conflated with Ancient Greek -ισκος (-iskos), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos), in others from Latin -ēnsis. Akin to -ois.

Suffix

-ais (feminine -aise, masculine plural -ais, feminine plural -aises)

  1. forms adjectives that denote where something or someone is from
    ‎France + ‎-ais → ‎français
    ‎Angle(terre) + ‎-ais → ‎anglais
    ‎Marseille + ‎-ais → ‎marseillais

Suffix

-ais m (plural -ais)

  1. forms nouns that denote where something or someone is from
    ‎France + ‎-ais → ‎Français
    ‎Angle(terre) + ‎-ais → ‎Anglais
    ‎Marseille + ‎-ais → ‎Marseillais
  2. forms nouns that specify the name of the language spoken in this place
    ‎France + ‎-ais → ‎français
    ‎Angle(terre) + ‎-ais → ‎anglais

Irish

Suffix

-ais

  1. inflection of -as:
    1. vocative/genitive singular
    2. nominative/dative plural

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

  • (Nordestino) IPA(key): /ˈajʃ/
  • Rhymes: (Brazil) -ajs, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -ajʃ

Alternative forms

Suffix

-ais m pl or f pl

  1. plural of -al

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -ades, with the loss of the intervocalic -d-,[1] from Latin -ātis. Cognate with Galician -ades and Spanish -áis.

Alternative forms

Suffix

-ais

  1. a suffix indicating the second-person plural present indicative of -ar
    ‎amar (“to love”) + ‎-ais → ‎amais (“[you all/formal you] love”)
    ‎cantar (“to sing”) + ‎-ais → ‎cantais (“[you all/formal you] sing”)

Alternative forms

Suffix

-ais

  1. a suffix indicating the second-person plural present subjunctive of -er
    ‎correr (“to run”) + ‎-ais → ‎corrais (“[that] you all run”)
  2. a suffix indicating the second-person plural present subjunctive of -ir
    ‎emitir (“to emit”) + ‎-ais → ‎emitais (“[that] you all emit”)

References

Welsh

Alternative forms

  • (first-person singular preterite): (colloquial) -es

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ais

  1. verb suffix for the first-person singular preterite

Usage notes

In the literary language, -ais causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, ‎canu (“to sing”) + ‎-ais → ‎cenais (“I sang”).

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