< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/séh₂ls

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*séh₂ls

  1. salt

Declension
Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *séh₂ls
genitive *sh₂lés
singular dual plural
nominative *séh₂ls — —
vocative *séh₂l — —
accusative *séh₂lm̥ — —
genitive *sh₂lés — —
ablative *sh₂lés — —
dative *sh₂léy — —
locative *sh₂él, *sh₂éli — —
instrumental *sh₂léh₁ — —

Descendants
  • Proto-Albanian: *śālā
  • Proto-Albanian: * ̊śali(m)-
  • Proto-Albanian: *en-salima
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: աղ (ał)
    • Old Armenian: աղտ (ałt) < *séh₂ld-
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *salˀdus (from *sh₂el-d-u-s or *sh₂l-d-u-s), *sāˀlis
    • Latgalian: sõļs, solds, soldons
    • Latvian: sāls, salds
    • Old Prussian: sal
    • Lithuanian: saldus, sálti (“sweeten”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *solь (see there for further descendants), *soldъ (“malt”) (see there for further descendants), *soldъkъ (“sweet”) (see there for further descendants)
      • → Proto-Iranian: *solH (“salt”)
        • Zazaki: sol (“salt”)
        • Northern Kurdish: solin (“salt”), sû (“saltless”)
  • Proto-Celtic: *sālos (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *salanos (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *saltą (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *hāls
  • Indo-Iranian:
    • Indo-Aryan:
    • Iranian
      • Persian: هلتاک (haltâk, “salty yoghurt”), هلث (halþ~halt, “salty, salty food”)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: sāl (see there for further descendants)
    • Umbrian: salu
  • Tocharian:
  • → Proto-Uralic: (independent loans from early Indo-European at least in Finno-Permic and Ob-Ugric;[1] common Finno-Permic *sala is sometimes reconstructed[2])
    • Proto-Ugric:
      • Khanty:
        • Eastern Khanty: салнә (salnə)
        • Northern Khanty: сӑл (săl)
    • Proto-Permic:
    • Mari:
      • Eastern Mari: шинчал (šinčal)
    • Proto-Mordvinic:
    • Proto-Finnic: *soola (see there for further descendants)

Derived terms
  • Unsorted formations:

References
  1. Joki, Aulis J. (1973) Uralier und Indogermanen [Uralians and Indo-Europeans] (Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia; 151) (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN
  2. Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
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