< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žędati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gendātei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰn̥dʰéti, from *gʷʰedʰ- (“to yearn, to pray for”) with a nasal infix. Cognate with Lithuanian pasigèsti (“to miss”) (1p. pres. pasigendù), further akin to Lithuanian gedáuti (“to desire, to yearn”), gedė́ti (“to mourn”).

Verb

*žę̄dàti impf[1][2]

  1. to wish (in cardinal sense), to long for, to crave (in South, East Slavic)
    Synonyms: *želěti, *bažiti, *smažiti, *pražiti
  2. to demand, to request (in West Slavic)
    Synonyms: *jьskati, *prašati

Inflection
Conjugation of *žędati, *žęda, *žęďetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žędanьje *žędati *žędatъ *žędalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žędanъ *žęďemъ
Active *žędavъ *žęďę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žędaxъ*žęda*žęda *žęďǫ*žęďeši*žęďetь
Dual *žędaxově*žędasta*žędaste *žęďevě*žęďeta*žęďete
Plural *žędaxomъ*žędaste*žędašę *žęďemъ*žęďete*žęďǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *žędaaxъ*žędaaše*žędaaše —*žęďi*žęďi
Dual *žędaaxově*žędaašeta*žędaašete *žęďivě*žęďita—
Plural *žędaaxomъ*žędaašete*žędaaxǫ *žęďimъ*žęďite—
Conjugation of *žędati, *žęda, *žędajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žędanьje *žędati *žędatъ *žędalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žędanъ *žędajemъ
Active *žędavъ *žędaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žędaxъ*žęda*žęda *žędajǫ*žędaješi*žędajetь
Dual *žędaxově*žędasta*žędaste *žędajevě*žędajeta*žędajete
Plural *žędaxomъ*žędaste*žędašę *žędajemъ*žędajete*žędajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *žędaaxъ*žędaaše*žędaaše —*žędaji*žędaji
Dual *žędaaxově*žędaašeta*žędaašete *žędajivě*žędajita—
Plural *žędaaxomъ*žędaašete*žędaaxǫ *žędajimъ*žędajite—

Derived terms
  • *žęděti (“to crave, to yearn for”) (ě/i-conj.)
  • *žędь (“craving”)
    • *žęditi (“to cause thirst”)
    • *žędovati (“to crave”)
    • *žędostь (“thirst”)
    • *žędьnъ (“avid, greedy; thirsty”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: жадати (žadati)
      • Old Ruthenian: жада́ти (žadáti); жеда́ти (žedáti), жода́ти (žodáti) (dialectal)
      • Russian: жада́ть (žadátʹ, “to thirst for”) (archaic or dialectal); cf. modern жа́ждать (žáždatʹ, “to crave”)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: жѧдати (žędati)
    • Bulgarian: же́дам (žédam) (dialectal)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: žádat
    • Old Polish: żędać
    • Slovak: žiadať
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: žadać
      • Lower Sorbian: žedaś
  • → Romanian: jindui

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жада́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жад”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 522

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žę̄dàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 560: “v. (b) ‘wish, desire’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “žędati: žędjǫ žędjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b begære, tørste (SA 210; PR 136)”
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