< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/cěpiti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From pre-Slavic *(s)koyp- (“to chop, to split”) + *-éyeti. Akin to Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną (“to shift”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *cěpiti, *cěpi, *cěpitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *cěpľenьje | *cěpiti | *cěpitъ | *cěpilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *cěpľenъ | *cěpimъ |
| Active | *cěpľь | *cěpę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *cěpixъ | *cěpi | *cěpi | *cěpľǫ | *cěpiši | *cěpitь |
| Dual | *cěpixově | *cěpista | *cěpiste | *cěpivě | *cěpita | *cěpite |
| Plural | *cěpixomъ | *cěpiste | *cěpišę | *cěpimъ | *cěpite | *cěpętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *cěpľaaxъ | *cěpľaaše | *cěpľaaše | — | *cěpi | *cěpi |
| Dual | *cěpľaaxově | *cěpľaašeta | *cěpľaašete | *cěpivě | *cěpita | — |
| Plural | *cěpľaaxomъ | *cěpľaašete | *cěpľaaxǫ | *cěpimъ | *cěpite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*cěpivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *cěpnǫti (“to cleave”)
- *cěpnatina (“cleft”)
- *cěpati (“to split, to rive”)
- *cěpanica (“large chisel”)
- *ščьpiti (“to pinch”)
- *cěpъ (“slit”)
- *cěpъka (“crack, cleavage”)
- *cěpьcь (“splitter (agent)”)
- *cěpidlo (“splitter (tool)”)
- *cěpenъ (“split, cracked”)
Descendants
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “cěpiti: cěpjǫ cěpitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b hænge på (PR 137)”
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*cěpiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 185
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