< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dušiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews- (“to breathe”) +‎ *-éyeti.

Verb

*dušìti impf

  1. to smother, to suffocate, to choke
  2. to breathe heavily
Inflection
Conjugation of *dušiti, *duši, *dušitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*dušenьje *dušiti *dušitъ *dušilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *dušenъ *dušimъ
Active *dušь *dušę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dušixъ*duši*duši *dušǫ*dušiši*dušitь
Dual *dušixově*dušista*dušiste *dušivě*dušita*dušite
Plural *dušixomъ*dušiste*dušišę *dušimъ*dušite*dušętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *dušaaxъ*dušaaše*dušaaše —*duši*duši
Dual *dušaaxově*dušaašeta*dušaašete *dušivě*dušita—
Plural *dušaaxomъ*dušaašete*dušaaxǫ *dušimъ*dušite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*dušivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
  • *zadušiti (“to smother”)
  • *udušiti (“to strangle”)
  • *jьzdušiti (“to deprive of air”)
  • *otъdušiti (“to ventilate”)
    • *otъdušьnikъ (“vent”)
  • *duša (“soul”)
  • *dušěvьnъ (“spiritual”)
    • *dušěvьnostь (“spirituality”)
  • *dušьnъ (“muggy, stewed”)
  • *dušьlivъ (“suffocant”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: душы́ць (dušýcʹ)
    • Russian: души́ть (dušítʹ)
    • Ukrainian: души́ти (dušýty)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: dusit
    • Kashubian: dëszëc, dusëc
    • Polish: dusić
    • Slovak: dusiť
Further reading
  • Olander, Thomas (2001) “dušiti: dušjǫ dušitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 260; PR 139)”
  • Snoj, Marko (2016) “dušīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*duši̋ti”
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dušiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 164
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “душа̀”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 452

Etymology 2

Denominal verb from *duxъ (“spirit”) +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*dȗšiti impf

  1. to sniff, to scent
  2. to examine via scent
Inflection
Conjugation of *dušiti, *duši, *dušitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*dušenьje *dušiti *dušitъ *dušilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *dušenъ *dušimъ
Active *dušь *dušę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dušixъ*duši*duši *dušǫ*dušiši*dušitь
Dual *dušixově*dušista*dušiste *dušivě*dušita*dušite
Plural *dušixomъ*dušiste*dušišę *dušimъ*dušite*dušętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *dušaaxъ*dušaaše*dušaaše —*duši*duši
Dual *dušaaxově*dušaašeta*dušaašete *dušivě*dušita—
Plural *dušaaxomъ*dušaašete*dušaaxǫ *dušimъ*dušite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*dušivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
  • *podušiti (“to smell”)
  • *nadušiti (“to scent”)
  • *sъdušiti (“to sniff”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: душы́ць (dušýcʹ, “to perfume”)
    • Russian: души́ть (dušítʹ, “to perfume”)
    • Ukrainian: души́ти (dušýty, “to perfume”)
  • South Slavic:
Further reading
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “ду̀шa”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 452
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