< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/plaviti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *pluti +‎ *-iti (causative), from Proto-Indo-European *plew- and/or *pleh₃-. Per Derksen, possibly conflated into *pleh₃(w)-. Cognate with Sanskrit प्लावयति (plāvayati, “to cause to float, to flood”), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (frāuuaiieiti, “to cause to leave”), and the past-stem of Lithuanian pláuti (“to wash, to rinse”) (1sg. pres. pláuju, 1sg. past plóviau). Further akin to Ancient Greek πλώω (plṓō, “to float, to sail”), Proto-Germanic *flōaną (whence Old Norse flóa (“to flow”), English flow), etc.

Verb

*plàviti[1][2]

  1. to float, to sail
  2. to flood
  3. to wash, to rinse
  4. to melt

Inflection
Conjugation of *plaviti, *plavi, *plavitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*plavľenьje *plaviti *plavitъ *plavilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *plavľenъ *plavimъ
Active *plavľь *plavę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *plavixъ*plavi*plavi *plavľǫ*plaviši*plavitь
Dual *plavixově*plavista*plaviste *plavivě*plavita*plavite
Plural *plavixomъ*plaviste*plavišę *plavimъ*plavite*plavętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *plavľaaxъ*plavľaaše*plavľaaše —*plavi*plavi
Dual *plavľaaxově*plavľaašeta*plavľaašete *plavivě*plavita—
Plural *plavľaaxomъ*plavľaašete*plavľaaxǫ *plavimъ*plavite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*plavivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Descendants
  • Old Church Slavonic: плавитися (plavitisja, “to sail”)
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: пла́вя (plávja, “to rinse”) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: плави (plavi, “to rinse, to wash, to flood”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: пла̏вити (“to flood”)
      Latin: plȁviti (“to flood”), ploviti (“to sail”)
    • Slovene: plavíti (“to flood, to sail, to melt”) (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: plavit (“to float, to bathe (horses or cattle), to scour, to navigate”)
    • Polish: pławić (“to bathe (horses or cattle); (archaic) to melt”), spławić (“to transport by water”)
    • Slovak: plaviť (“to float”)
    • Sorbian:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пла́вить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пла̀вя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 290

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*plàviti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 403: “v. (a)”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “plaviti: plavjǫ plavitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a flyde (PR 133)”
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