Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ič

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*ič

Declension

Declension of *ič

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*ič
Accusative	ični, ičig ⁴⁾, *ičnig ¹⁾
Genitive	*ičniŋ
Dative	*ičke
Locative	*ičde
Ablative	*ičden
Allative	*ičgerü
Instrumental ²⁾	*ičin
Equative ²⁾	*ičče
Similative ²⁾	*ičleyü
Comitative ²⁾	*ičligü

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

*ičegü (“intestines”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Volga Bulgar: إش (iş, “in, into”)
  - Chuvash: ӑш (ăš)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: iç
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: iç
  - Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (iç)
    - Gagauz: iç
    - Turkish: iç
- Salar: iş, işi
- Turkmen: iç
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (iç)
  - Uyghur: ئىچ (ich)
  - Uzbek: ich
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: эс (es)
  - Tatar: еч (yeç)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: iç
  - Kumyk: ич (iç)
  - Karachay-Balkar: ич (iç)
  - Karaim: ич (iç)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: shi (“belly”)
    - Kazakh: іш (ış)
    - Nogai: иш (iş)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: ич (ic)
    - Southern Altai: ич (ič)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰃𐰲 (ič), 𐰱 (č̥ /⁠ič⁠/)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (iç)
  - ⇒ Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ičegü, “intestines”)
    - Western Yugur: [script needed] (ičeki, “belly”), ič (“inside”).
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: ис (is)
  - Dolgan: ис
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - ⇒ Tuvan: ижин (ijin, “belly”)
    - Tofa: [script needed] (i'šti, “intestines”)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: іскер (ìsker)

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ič”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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