affogare

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *affōcāre, alteration of Latin offōcāre.

• IPA^(key): /af.foˈɡa.re/
• Rhymes: -are
• Hyphenation: af‧fo‧gà‧re

affogàre (first-person singular present affógo or affògo[1], first-person singular past historic affogài, past participle affogàto, auxiliary (transitive) avére or (intransitive) èssere)

1. (transitive) to drown (to kill by suffocating in a liquid)

   Lo affogarono nel lago. ― They drowned him in the lake.

2. (transitive, literary) to extinguish, to put out
   • 1901, Gabriele D'Annunzio, “Atto II [Act 2]”, in Francesca da Rimini‎, Milan: Fratelli Treves, published 1904, scena II, page 87:

     Morde e divora / ogni genìa di cose vive e morte; / e solo con la sabbia / si affoga e con l’aceto / si stempera.

     It [Greek fire] bites and devours things of all kinds, alive or dead; and it is only extinguished with sand, and weakened with vinegar.

3. (transitive, literary, figurative) to oppress, to overbear, to overwhelm
   • 1818–1836, Giacomo Leopardi, “III — Ad Angelo Mai quand'ebbe trovato i libri di Cicerone della Repubblica”, in Canti, lines 70–72; republished as Alessandro Donati, editor, Bari: publ. Laterza, 1917:

     E pur men grava e morde / il mal che n’addolora / del tedio che n’affoga.

     And yet the paining harm weighs and bites less than the oppressing boredom.

4. (transitive, cooking) to smother

   affogato nella crema ― smothered in cream

5. (intransitive) to drown (to die by suffocating in a liquid) [auxiliary essere]

   Quasi affogò nel fiume. ― He almost drowned in the river.

6. (intransitive, figurative) to be oppressed or overwhelmed [auxiliary essere]

• affogamento
• affogarsi

• affogato

• → Sardinian: affogare, affogai

• affogai (Campidanese)

Borrowed from Italian affogare or Catalan afogar; either way from Vulgar Latin *affōcāre, alteration of Latin offōcāre.

• IPA^(key): /affoˈɡare/

affogare (Logudorese)

1. suffocate

• Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “affoꞡare”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg