aiteann

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish aiten m (“furze, gorse”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *axtīnos (“furze, gorse”) (compare Welsh eithin), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱstis (compare Lithuanian akstìs (“thorn”), Russian ость (ostʹ, “awn, bristle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).[2]

Pronunciation
  • (Aran) IPA(key): /ˈætʲən̪ˠ/

Noun

aiteann m (genitive singular aitinn, nominative plural aitinn) or
aiteann f (genitive singular aitinne) (feminine in Connacht and Ulster)

  1. furze, gorse, whin
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 31:
      tā æcn̥̄ ə fās sə ŋort šə.
      [Tá aiteann ag fás sa ngort seo.]
      Furze is growing in this field.
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 31:
      dā jēŕ n̥ køln̄, tā æcn̥̄ xō ǵēŕ leš.
      [Dá ghéar an cuileann, tá aiteann ag chomh géar leis.]
      However sharp the holly is, furze is just as sharp.

Declension
Declension as masculine
Declension of aiteann

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative aiteann aitinn
Vocative a aitinn a aiteanna
Genitive aitinn aiteann
Dative aiteann aitinn

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an t-aiteann na haitinn
Genitive an aitinn na n-aiteann
Dative leis an aiteann

don aiteann

 leis na haitinn
Declension as feminine
Declension of aiteann

Second declension

Bare forms (no plural form of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative aiteann
Vocative a aiteann
Genitive aitinne
Dative aiteann

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular
Nominative an aiteann
Genitive na haitinne
Dative leis an aiteann

don aiteann

Derived terms
  • aiteann francach (“tall furze”)
  • aiteann gaelach (“dwarf whin”)
  • aiteann gallda (“tall furze”)
  • aiteann mín (“dwarf whin”)
  • aiteann Muire (“club moss”)
  • aiteannach f (“furze, gorse, whins (collective)”)
  • caislín aitinn (“whinchat”)
  • scothán aitinn (“furze bush”)
  • tom aitinn (“whin-bush”)
  • tor aitinn (“whin-bush”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
RadicalEclipsiswith h-prothesiswith t-prothesis
aiteann n-aiteann haiteann t-aiteann
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “aittenn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*axto-, *axtīno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms
  • aitionn

Etymology

From Old Irish aiten m (“furze, gorse”), from Proto-Celtic *axtīnos (“furze, gorse”) (compare Welsh eithin), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱstis (compare Lithuanian akstìs (“thorn”), Russian ость (ostʹ, “awn, bristle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).

Noun

aiteann m (genitive singular aitinn, plural aitinn)

  1. juniper

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
RadicalEclipsiswith h-prothesiswith t-prothesis
aiteannn-aiteannh-aiteannt-aiteann
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “aiteann”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “aittenn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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