dlgwš

Middle Persian

Alternative forms

𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬫𐬋𐬱 (daryōš) — Pazend

Etymology

From Old Iranian *drigu-, from a Proto-Indo-Iranian root shared with Sanskrit ध्रिगु (dhrigu, “needy”), Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬌𐬔𐬎 (drigu), 𐬛𐬭𐬌𐬖𐬎 (driγu, “poor, needy”).

Adjective

dlgwš • (driyōš) (comparative dlgwštl, superlative dlgwštwm)

poor, needy
- Mēnōg ī Xrad, chap. 57.22, cited in
  PWB hlt' dlgwštl
  pad xrad driyōštar
  poorer in wisdom

Derived terms

dlgwšyh (driyōšīh, “poverty”)

Noun

dlgwš • (driyōš)

one who lives in holy indigence

Descendants

Persian: درغوش (darğuš, darğôš), دریوش (daryuš, daryôš), درغویش (darğêš) (dialectal), درویش (darviš, darvêš)
- Tajik: дарвеш (darveš)
- → Arabic: دَرْوِيش (darwīš)
- → Armenian: տէրվիշ (tērviš), տէվրիշ (tēvriš), դա̈վրէշ (dävrēš), դա̈րվէշ (därvēš), դա̈րվիշ (därviš), դէրվիշ (dērviš), դօ̈վրիշ (dövriš) (in some dialects via Ottoman Turkish)
- → Azerbaijani: dərviş
- → Hindustani:
  Hindi: दरवेश (darveś)
  
  Urdu: درویش (darveś)
- → Ottoman Turkish: درویش (derviş)
  - Turkish: derviş
  - → Albanian: dervish
  - → Belarusian: дэ́рвіш (dérviš)
  - → Bulgarian: дерви́ш (dervíš)
  - → Catalan: dervix
  - → Czech: derviš
  - → Danish: dervish
  - → English: dervish
  - → Estonian: derviš
  - → Finnish: dervissi
  - → French: derviche
  - → German: Derwisch
    - → Dutch: derwisj
  - → Greek: δερβίσης (dervísis)
  - → Hungarian: dervis
  - → Italian: derviscio
  - → Lithuanian: dervišas
  - → Macedonian: дервиш (derviš)
  - → Norwegian: dervisj
  - → Polish: derwisz
  - → Portuguese: dervixe
  - → Romanian: derviș
  - → Russian: де́рвиш (dérviš)
  - → Serbo-Croatian:
    - Cyrillic script: дѐрвӣш
    - Latin script: dèrvīš
  - → Slovak: derviš
  - → Slovene: derviš
  - → Spanish: derviche
  - → Swedish: dervisch
  - → Ukrainian: де́рвіш (dérviš)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “driyōš”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 27
Mansour Shaki, Hamid Algar (December 15, 1994), "DARVĪŠ" in Encyclopaedia Iranica, last updated November 18, 2011
Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1909) “poor”, in An English–Avesta Dictionary‎, Bombay: The Fort Printing Press, →OCLC
Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1909) “needy”, in An English–Avesta Dictionary‎, Bombay: The Fort Printing Press, →OCLC
“dlgwš”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

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