jꜣm

Egyptian

3-lit.

Conjugation of jꜣm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jꜣm, geminated stem: jꜣmm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
jꜣm	jꜣmw, jꜣm	jꜣmt	jꜣm	jꜣm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
jꜣm	ḥr jꜣm	m jꜣm	r jꜣm

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	jꜣm.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	jꜣm	active + .tj¹, .tw²	jꜣm	jꜣm, jꜣmw⁵, jꜣmy⁵
imperfective	jꜣm, jꜣmy, jꜣmw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	jꜣm, jꜣmj⁶, jꜣmy⁶	jꜣm, jꜣmw⁵
prospective	jꜣm, jꜣmtj⁷	—	jꜣmtj⁴, jꜣmt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣm

jꜣm

ꜣm

3-lit.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣm

jꜣm

2-lit.

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 31, 31.16
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 9

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