saothar

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish saíthar,[1] from Proto-Celtic *saitrom, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂ey-trom (“binding, fetter”).[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

saothar m (genitive singular saothair, nominative plural saothair)

  1. labour (work); toil, exertion; stress, effort
    gan saothar ― without effort
  2. work (product of labour)
    1. thing done, achievement
    2. works; literary or artistic composition
  3. (music) opus
  4. (music, literature) composition, piece
  5. job of destruction
  6. (literary) travail, pangs of childbirth
  7. evacuation of bowels; excrement
  8. (as verbal noun, ag ~) labouring, toiling

Declension
Declension of saothar

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative saothar saothair
Vocative a shaothair a shaothara
Genitive saothair saothar
Dative saothar saothair

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an saothar na saothair
Genitive an tsaothair na saothar
Dative leis an saothar

don saothar

 leis na saothair

Synonyms

Derived terms
  • ardsaothar
  • bileog shaothair
  • saothar allamuigh (“field-work”)
  • saothar an bháis (“death-throes”)
  • saothar an lae (“the daily grind”)
  • saothar anála (“panting, laboured breathing”)
  • saothar bradáin (“process of spawning of salmon”)
  • saothar coirp (“manpower”)
  • saothar díreach (“direct labour”)
  • saothar ealaíne (“art, artwork, work of art”)
  • saothar ficsin (“work of fiction”)
  • saothar foirne (“team effort”)
  • saothar in aisce (“lost cause, labour in vain”)
  • saothar indíreach (“indirect labour”)
  • saothar láimhe (“handicraft”)
  • saothar múrealaíne (“wall painting”)
  • saothar seanré (“period piece”)
  • saothar taifeadta (“discography”)
  • saothar teibí (“abstract, abstraction”, noun)
  • saotharlann (“laboratory”)
  • saothrach
  • saothraí
  • saothraigh
  • saothrán (“culture”)
  • scoil saothair

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
saothar shaothar
after an, tsaothar		 not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “saethar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*saytro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 325
  3. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 79
  4. Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 44

Further reading
  • “saothar”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “saoṫar”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 595
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “saothar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “saothar” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
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