sukti

See also: sūkti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sewk- (“turn, spin”); compare Latvian sukt, Proto-Slavic *sъkati (Russian скать (skatʹ, “twist, turn”), Czech skati), and see the Proto-Slavic for more.[1] Also related are Latvian sàucêt, Proto-Slavic *sučiti. Beyond Balto-Slavic, hesitant connections have been made with Tocharian A ṣkārā, Tocharian B aṣkār (“at the back”),[2] Ossetian хуы́рх (x°ýrx, “whey”), Latin sucula (“winch”).[3]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /sʊk.tʲɪ/

Verb

sùkti (third-person present tense sùka, third-person past tense sùko)

  1. turn (change direction of movement)
    Sukti į kaĩrę draũdžiama. ― No left turn. (literally, “Turning left is forbidden.”)
  2. cause to turn, rotate, revolve
    Tekė́damas vanduõ suka turbìnų mentès. ― The water turns the turbine blades as it flows.
  3. circle, twirl, whirl (move in a circular motion)
    Virš galvõs tỹliai ratù sùko šikšnósparniai. ― Bats twirled around above my head.
  4. weave, spin
    Paũkštis sùka lìzdą ― The bird is making a nest.

Inflection
Conjugation of sukti
singular
(vienaskaita)		 plural
(daugiskaita)
1st person
(pirmasis asmuo)		 2nd person
(antrasis asmuo)		 3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo)		 1st person
(pirmasis asmuo)		 2nd person
(antrasis asmuo)		 3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo)
aš tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative
(tiesioginė
nuosaka)		 present
(esamasis laikas)		 sukù sukì sùka sùkame,
sùkam		 sùkate,
sùkat		 sùka
past
(būtasis kartinis
laikas)		 sukaũ sukaĩ sùko sùkome,
sùkom		 sùkote,
sùkot		 sùko
past frequentative
(būtasis dažninis
laikas)		 sùkdavau sùkdavai sùkdavo sùkdavome,
sùkdavom		 sùkdavote,
sùkdavot		 sùkdavo
future
(būsimasis laikas)		 sùksiu sùksi sùks sùksime,
sùksim		 sùksite,
sùksit		 sùks
subjunctive
(tariamoji nuosaka)		 sùkčiau sùktum,
sùktumei		 sùktų sùktumėme,
sùktumėm,
sùktume		 sùktumėte,
sùktumėt		 sùktų
imperative
(liepiamoji nuosaka)		 — sùk,
sùki		 tesùka,
tesùkie		 sùkime,
sùkim		 sùkite,
sùkit		 tesùka,
tesùkie
Participles of sukti
Adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present sùkąs, sùkantis sùkamas
past sùkęs sùktas
past frequentative sùkdavęs —
future sùksiąs, sùksiantis sùksimas
participle of necessity — sùktinas
Adverbial
special (pusdalyvis) sùkdamas
half-participle
(padalyviai)		 present sùkant
past sùkus
past frequentative sùkdavus
future sùksiant
manner of action (būdinys) sùkte, sùktinai

Derived terms
prefixed forms of sukti
  • apsukti, apsisukti
  • atsukti, atsisukti
  • išsukti, išsisukti
  • įsukti
  • nusukti, nusisukti
  • pasukti, pasisukti
  • persukti, persisukti
  • prasukti, prasisukti
  • prisukti, prisisukti
  • susukti, susisukti
  • užsukti, užsisukti

References
  1. Wojciech Smoczyński (2018) “sùkti”, in Lithuanian Etymological Dictionary, Berlin, Germany: Peter Lang, →DOI, →ISBN, page 613
  2. Albert J. van Windekens (1979) Le tokharien confronté avec les autres langues indoeuropéennes. Vol. I. La phonétique et le vocabulaire. Louvain, pages 455-456
  3. Jan Safarewicz (1961) Ze słownictwa bałto-słowiańskiego (Innowacje czasownikowe) [Notes on the Balto-Slavic Vocabulary (Verbal innovations)] in Slavia Antiqua, volume 8, pages 253-254
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