temporalis

Borrowed from Late Latin temporālis (“of or belonging to the temples of the head”), ellipsis of mūsculus temporālis (“the temporal muscle”). Doublet of temporal.

• IPA^(key): /ˌtɛm.pəˈɹeɪ.lɪs/
• Rhymes: -eɪlɪs

temporalis (plural temporales)

1. (anatomy) A fan-shaped muscle which arises from the surface of the temporal fossa and converges to an aponeurosis which contracts into a thick flat tendon inserted into the coronoid process of the mandible; it serves to raise the lower jaw and is involved in closing the mouth and chewing.

   Synonym: temporal muscle

• “temporalis”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “temporalis”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

• lamproites, pemirolast, peristomal

From tempus (“time; the temples of the head”) +‎ -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /tem.poˈraː.lis/, [t̪ɛmpɔˈräːlʲɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /tem.poˈra.lis/, [t̪empoˈräːlis]

temporālis (neuter temporāle); third-declension two-termination adjective (Late Latin)

1. (in general, chiefly post-Augustan) of or belonging to time, lasting but for a time, temporary, temporal

   ārae temporālēs ― altars [erected] for the occasion

   Antonym: perpetuus

   1. (in particular, grammar, relational) time

      verbum temporāle ― a word denoting time, i.e. a verb

      nōmina temporālia (v.g. annus, mēnsis) ― nouns of time (e.g. year, month)

      adverbia temporālia (v.g. prīdem, nunc, modo) ― adverbs of time (e.g. long ago, now, a little while ago)

2. (anatomy, relational) of or pertaining to the temples of the head

   vēnae temporālēs ― the temporal veins

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

• “temporalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “temporalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• temporalis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• tempŏrālis¹⁺² in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,552/3.
• temporalis in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016