éprouver
See also: êprouver
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French esprouver, Old French esprover, from prover < Latin probāre. Equivalent to é- + prouver.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.pʁu.ve/
audio (file)
Verb
éprouver
- (transitive) to put to the test, test, try
- Synonym: mettre à l’épreuve
- On éprouvera la valeur de sa théorie.
- We'll put his theory to the test.
- (transitive) to feel, experience
- éprouver un sentiment d’intense satisfaction ― to feel immensely satisfied
- (transitive) to experience, go through
Conjugation
Conjugation of éprouver (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | éprouver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | éprouvant /e.pʁu.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | éprouvé /e.pʁu.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | éprouve /e.pʁuv/ |
éprouves /e.pʁuv/ |
éprouve /e.pʁuv/ |
éprouvons /e.pʁu.vɔ̃/ |
éprouvez /e.pʁu.ve/ |
éprouvent /e.pʁuv/ |
| imperfect | éprouvais /e.pʁu.vɛ/ |
éprouvais /e.pʁu.vɛ/ |
éprouvait /e.pʁu.vɛ/ |
éprouvions /e.pʁu.vjɔ̃/ |
éprouviez /e.pʁu.vje/ |
éprouvaient /e.pʁu.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | éprouvai /e.pʁu.ve/ |
éprouvas /e.pʁu.va/ |
éprouva /e.pʁu.va/ |
éprouvâmes /e.pʁu.vam/ |
éprouvâtes /e.pʁu.vat/ |
éprouvèrent /e.pʁu.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | éprouverai /e.pʁu.vʁe/ |
éprouveras /e.pʁu.vʁa/ |
éprouvera /e.pʁu.vʁa/ |
éprouverons /e.pʁu.vʁɔ̃/ |
éprouverez /e.pʁu.vʁe/ |
éprouveront /e.pʁu.vʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | éprouverais /e.pʁu.vʁɛ/ |
éprouverais /e.pʁu.vʁɛ/ |
éprouverait /e.pʁu.vʁɛ/ |
éprouverions /e.pʁu.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
éprouveriez /e.pʁu.və.ʁje/ |
éprouveraient /e.pʁu.vʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | éprouve /e.pʁuv/ |
éprouves /e.pʁuv/ |
éprouve /e.pʁuv/ |
éprouvions /e.pʁu.vjɔ̃/ |
éprouviez /e.pʁu.vje/ |
éprouvent /e.pʁuv/ |
| imperfect2 | éprouvasse /e.pʁu.vas/ |
éprouvasses /e.pʁu.vas/ |
éprouvât /e.pʁu.va/ |
éprouvassions /e.pʁu.va.sjɔ̃/ |
éprouvassiez /e.pʁu.va.sje/ |
éprouvassent /e.pʁu.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | éprouve /e.pʁuv/ |
— | éprouvons /e.pʁu.vɔ̃/ |
éprouvez /e.pʁu.ve/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “éprouver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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