تنبل

See also: بنتل

Arabic

FWOTD – 22 February 2024

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَنْبَل (tanbal).

Adjective

تَنْبَل • (tanbal) (masculine plural تَنَابِلَة (tanābila))

  1. lazy
Declension

Verb

تَنْبَلَ • (tanbala) Iq, non-past يُتَنْبِلُ‎ (yutanbilu)

  1. to be or become lazy or sluggish
Conjugation

Etymology 2

Root
ن ب ل (n-b-l)

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ta.nab.ba.la⁩/ invalid IPA characters (⁩)

Verb

تَنَبَّلَ • (tanabbala) V, non-past يَتَنَبَّلُ‎ (yatanabbalu)

  1. to be noble, to be of high rank or talent, to excel
    • a. 525, Aš-Šanfara, أقيموا بني أمي صدور مطيكم (first line)‎:
      وَلَيْلَةِ نَحْسٍ يَصْطَلِيَ القَوْسَ رَبُّهَا … وَأَقْطُعَهُ ٱللَّاتِي بِهَا يَتَنَبَّلُ
      دَعَسْتُ عَلَى غَطَشٍ وَبَغْشٍ وَصُحْبَتِي … سُعَارٌ وَإِرْزِيزٌ وَوَجْرٌ وَأَفْكُلُ
      wa-laylati naḥsin yaṣṭaliya l-qawsa rabbu-hā … wa-ʔaqṭuʕa-hū l-lātī bi-hā yatanabbalu
      daʕastu ʕalā ḡaṭašin wabaḡšin wa-ṣuḥbatī … suʕārun wa-ʔirzīzun wa-wajrun wa-ʔafkulu
      And the ill-fated night when the master warmed up his bow, … and his arrowtips, in the handling of which he had trow
      I trod upon darkness and rain-shower and my following … was the heat of night and snowy hail and timid gulps and shivering
Conjugation

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian تنبل (tanbal).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [tɛm.ˈbɛl]
  • (dialectal) IPA(key): [dɛm.ˈbɛl]

Adjective

تنبل • (tembel)

  1. lazy

Descendants

Persian

Etymology 1

According to Asatrian, sound-symbolic like Ossetian тымбыл (tymbyl, “round”) and Armenian թմբլիկ (tʻmblik, “plump”).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.bǽl]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.bǽl]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.bǽl̥]

Readings
Classical reading? tanbal
Dari reading? tanbal
Iranian reading? tanbal
Tajik reading? tanbal

Adjective

تنبل • (tanbal) (comparative تنبل‌تَر (tanbal-tar), superlative تنبل‌تَرین (tanbal-tarin))

  1. lazy
  2. sluggish
Inflection
    Predicative forms of تنبل (tanbal)
singular plural
1st person
(“I am, we are”)
تنبلم
(tanbalam)
تنبلیم
(tanbalim)
2nd person
(“you are”)
تنبلی
(tanbali)
تنبلید
(tanbalid)
تنبلین △
(tanbalin)
3rd person
(“he/she/it is, they are”)
تنبل است
(tanbal ast)
تنبله △
(tanbale)
تنبلند
(tanbaland)
تنبلن △
(tanbalan)
△ Colloquial.
Descendants

Etymology 2

Perhaps a corruption of Arabic تَنَبُّل (tanabbul).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.bʊ́l]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.bʊ́l]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäm.búl̥]

Readings
Classical reading? tambul
Dari reading? tambul
Iranian reading? tambol
Tajik reading? tambul

Noun

تنبل • (tambol)

  1. (obsolete) trick, stratagem
    • 1010, Ferdowsi, شاهنامه [Shahnameh]:
      پشوتن چنین گفت کز پیل و شیر
      به تنبل فزونست مرد دلیر
      Pišōtan čunīn guft k-az pīl u šēr⁠
      ba tambul fuzūn ast mard-i dalēr
      Pišōtan said: "The brave man has more tricks than the elephant and the lion."
      (romanization in Classical Persian)

Further reading

  • Asatrian, Garnik (2011) A Comparative Vocabulary of Central Iranian Dialects‎ (in Persian), Tehran: Safir Ardehal Publications, pages 760–761
  • Asatrjan, Garnik (2019) “Образования с суффиксальным элементом -l- в новоиранском [Formations with the suffixal element -l- in New Iranian]”, in Caucaso-Caspica IV: Research Papers from the Institute of Oriental Studies, RAU (in Russian), Yerevan: Russian-Armenian University, page 195 of 190–205
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “تنبل”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Persian تنبل (tanbal).

Adjective

تنبل • (tanbal) (common plural تنابل (tanābel))

  1. lazy
    Synonym: كسلان (kaslān)

See also

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