吃驚
See also: 吃惊
Chinese
eat; eradicate; destroy eat; eradicate; destroy; receive; stammer |
to startle; to be frightened; to be scared to startle; to be frightened; to be scared; alarm | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (吃驚/喫驚) | 吃/喫 | 驚 | |
| simp. (吃惊) | 吃 | 惊 | |
Pronunciation
Synonyms
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 吃 | 驚 |
| きつ > きっ Hyōgaiji |
きょう Grade: S |
| kan’on | goon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 喫驚 |
/kikkjau/ → /kikkjɔː/ → /kikkjoː/
From Middle Chinese 吃驚 (MC kj+t kjaeng, literally “to stammer, to falter + to be afraid”).
Verb
吃驚する • (kikkyō suru) ←きっきやう (kikkyau)?intransitive suru (stem 吃驚し (kikkyō shi), past 吃驚した (kikkyō shita))
- to be surprised, to be frightened
-
- ベンサムが始めて実利主義を唱えて法律改善を説いた時には、旧慣古制に執着深き英国人士は、皆その論の奇抜大胆なのに喫驚せざるを得なかった。
- Bensamu ga hajimete jitsuri shugi o tonaete hōritsu kaizen o toita toki ni wa, kyūkan kosei ni shūchaku-bukaki Eikoku jinshi wa, mina sono ron no kibatsu daitan na no ni kikkyō sezaru o enakatta.
- When Bentham first advocated utilitarianism and amendment of the law, all the gentlemen of Britain, who had a strong attachment to old customs and rules, could not help but be surprised at the eccentricity and audacity of his theories.
- ベンサムが始めて実利主義を唱えて法律改善を説いた時には、旧慣古制に執着深き英国人士は、皆その論の奇抜大胆なのに喫驚せざるを得なかった。
-
Conjugation
Conjugation of "吃驚する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 吃驚し | きっきょうし | kikkyō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 吃驚し | きっきょうし | kikkyō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 吃驚する | きっきょうする | kikkyō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 吃驚する | きっきょうする | kikkyō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 吃驚すれ | きっきょうすれ | kikkyō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 吃驚せよ¹ 吃驚しろ² |
きっきょうせよ¹ きっきょうしろ² |
kikkyō seyo¹ kikkyō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 吃驚される | きっきょうされる | kikkyō sareru | |
| Causative | 吃驚させる 吃驚さす |
きっきょうさせる きっきょうさす |
kikkyō saseru kikkyō sasu | |
| Potential | 吃驚できる | きっきょうできる | kikkyō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 吃驚しよう | きっきょうしよう | kikkyō shiyō | |
| Negative | 吃驚しない | きっきょうしない | kikkyō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 吃驚せず | きっきょうせず | kikkyō sezu | |
| Formal | 吃驚します | きっきょうします | kikkyō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 吃驚した | きっきょうした | kikkyō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 吃驚して | きっきょうして | kikkyō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 吃驚すれば | きっきょうすれば | kikkyō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 吃 | 驚 |
| びっくり | |
| Hyōgaiji | Grade: S |
| jukujikun | |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 吃驚 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 吃驚, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) |
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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