墩

墩	U+58A9, 墩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58A9

← 墨
[U+58A8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

墪 →
[U+58AA]

Translingual

Han character

墩 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土卜木大 (GYDK), four-corner 4814₇, composition ⿰土敦)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 239, character 1

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5470

Dae Jaweon: page 478, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 488, character 19

Unihan data for U+58A9

Chinese

simp. and trad.		墩
2nd round simp.		敦
alternative forms		墪

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
弴	tjuː, tuːn
敦	tuːl, doːn, tuːn, tuːns
錞	duːlʔ, duːls, *djun
憝	*duːls
憞	*duːls
譈	*duːls
鐓	*duːls
鷻	*doːn
鶉	doːn, djun
惇	tuːn, tjun
墩	*tuːn
驐	*tuːn
燉	tuːns, tʰuːn, *duːn
焞	tʰuːn, djun
啍	tʰuːn, duːn
暾	*tʰuːn
噋	tʰuːn, kʰʷaːɡ
諄	tjun, tjuns
埻	tjunʔ, kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ
稕	*tjuns
醇	*djun
淳	*djun
犉	*njun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuːn) : semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 敦 (OC *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dūn (dun¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): deon¹, dan¹, dan²
Jin (Wiktionary): dung¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tun

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dun
  - Wade–Giles: tun¹
  - Yale: dwūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duen
  - Palladius: дунь (dunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯ən⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dūnr
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dunr
  - Wade–Giles: tun¹-ʼrh
  - Yale: dwūnr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duel
  - Palladius: дуньр (dunʹr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯əɻ⁵⁵/

Note:

dūnr - “block of stone or wood; seat”.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: deon¹, dan¹, dan²
  - Yale: dēun, dān, dán
  - Cantonese Pinyin: doen¹, dan¹, dan²
  - Guangdong Romanization: dên¹, den¹, den²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɵn⁵⁵/, /tɐn⁵⁵/, /tɐn³⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: dung¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tũŋ¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tun
  - Tâi-lô: tun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dwn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tun³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tun⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: twon

Rime
Character	墩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	都昆切
Baxter	twon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuən/
Pan Wuyun	/tuon/
Shao Rongfen	/tuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/twən/
Li Rong	/tuən/
Wang Li	/tuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	deon¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tuːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	墩
Reading #	1/1
No.	2600
Phonetic component	敦
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	敦
Old Chinese	/*tuːn/

Definitions

墩

mound
block of stone or wood
to mop (the floor)
Classifier for densely growing plants: cluster
Classifier for rounds in a card game: trick

Compounds

三墩 (Sāndūn)
厚墩墩
唐家墩 (Tángjiādūn)
嚴家墩／严家墩 (Yánjiādūn)
塔墩
墩嘴
墩子
墩布 (dūnbù)
墩打
墩臺／墩台
墩鎖／墩锁
墩闊坦／墩阔坦 (Dūnkuòtǎn)
徐墩 (Xúdūn)
打塔墩
搭墩
橋墩／桥墩 (qiáodūn)
樹墩／树墩 (shùdūn)
矮墩墩 (ǎidūndūn)
石墩 (shídūn)
磉墩 (sǎngdūn)
繡墩／绣墩
繡墩草／绣墩草
胖墩兒／胖墩儿
胖墩墩
臺墩／台墩
蒲墩兒／蒲墩儿
門墩／门墩 (méndūn)
阿克提坎墩 (Ākètíkǎndūn)
雙墩／双墩 (Shuāngdūn)
響墩／响墩 (xiǎngdūn)
香墩兒／香墩儿
齊墩果／齐墩果 (qídūnguǒ)

References

“墩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

墩

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): とん (ton)

Korean

Hanja

墩 • (don) (hangeul 돈, revised don, McCune–Reischauer ton)

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Vietnamese

Han character

墩: Hán Nôm readings: đôn

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