宅

宅 U+5B85, 宅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B85
← 宄
[U+5B84] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宆 →
[U+5B86]
宅 U+FA04, 宅
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA04
← 糖
[U+FA03] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 洞 →
[U+FA05]

Translingual

Han character

宅 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 十竹心 (JHP), four-corner 30714, composition ⿱宀乇)

Derived characters

References

Chinese
trad. 宅
simp. # 宅
alternative forms 厇

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (乇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
咤 *ʔr'aː, *ʔr'aːɡs
吒 *ʔr'aːɡs
灹 *ʔr'aːɡs
矺 *ʔr'aːɡs, *ʔl'aːb, *ʔl'aːɡ, *l̥ʰaːɡ, *ʔr'eːɡ
奼 *ʔr'aːɡs, *hr'aːʔ, *ʔl'aːɡs
侘 *hr'aː, *hr'aːɡs
詫 *hr'aːɡs
秅 *r'aː, *ʔl'aːɡs
秺 *ʔl'aːɡs
亳 *blaːɡ
托 *l̥ʰaːɡ
託 *l̥ʰaːɡ
魠 *l̥ʰaːɡ
馲 *l̥ʰaːɡ, *raːɡ, *ʔr'aːɡ
侂 *l̥ʰaːɡ
飥 *l̥ʰaːɡ
仛 *l'aːɡ
虴 *pr'aːɡ
杔 *ʔr'aːɡ
乇 *ʔr'aːɡ
宅 *r'aːɡ
厇 *ʔr'eːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *r'aːɡ) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 乇 (OC *ʔr'aːɡ).

Etymology
slang
“someone who stays at home”
Ultimately from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese お宅 (otaku); this sense developed from the influence of its orthography.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • zhái - vernacular;
  • zhè - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 宅
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂai³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂai²⁴/
/t͡sai²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sai⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂei⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂe⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sei²⁴/
Xining /t͡sɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sə¹³/
/ʈ͡ʂɛ¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂə⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡sai⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰe³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Kunming /t͡sə³¹/
Nanjing /t͡səʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡sɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡saʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /t͡sʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡saʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /zaʔ¹/
Suzhou /zɑʔ³/
Hangzhou /zɑ²/
Wenzhou /d͡za²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛ²²/
Tunxi /t͡sʰa¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰə²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰet̚⁵/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sak̚²/
Nanning /t͡sak̚²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sak̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tik̚⁵/
/tʰik̚⁵/
/tʰeʔ⁵/ 厝～
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tʰɛiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /tʰeʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡sai²¹³/
Rime
Character 宅
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 陌 (113)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 瑒伯切
Baxter draek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖˠæk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖᵚak̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡak̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖaɨjk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ȡɐk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ȡɐk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱɐk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zak6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宅
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhái
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dræk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-tˁ<r>ak/
English residence

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宅
Reading # 1/1
No. 16929
Phonetic
component		 乇
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*r'aːɡ/

Definitions

宅

  1. residence; dwelling; house; home
    住宅  ―  zhùzhái  ―  residence
  2. † tomb; grave
  3. † to reside; to dwell
  4. to place
    宅心仁厚  ―  zháixīn rénhòu  ―  to settle the mind with benevolence and generosity
  5. (slang) Someone who prefers to stay at home rather than go outside; a homebody

Compounds
  • 乾宅／干宅
  • 住宅 (zhùzhái)
  • 住宅區／住宅区 (zhùzháiqū)
  • 住宅單元／住宅单元
  • 住宅旅社
  • 倒宅計／倒宅计
  • 光宅
  • 入宅 (rùzhái)
  • 內宅／内宅
  • 凶宅 (xiōngzhái)
  • 卜宅
  • 合宅
  • 國宅／国宅
  • 國民住宅／国民住宅
  • 坤宅
  • 外宅
  • 宅兆 (zháizhào)
  • 宅券 (zháiquàn)
  • 宅土
  • 宅地 (zháidì)
  • 宅基
  • 宅女 (zháinǚ)
  • 宅子 (zháizi)
  • 安宅
  • 安宅正路
  • 宅延 (Zháiyán)
  • 宅心 (zháixīn)
  • 宅心仁厚
  • 宅心仁慈
  • 宅心忠厚
  • 宅憂／宅忧
  • 宅男 (zháinán)
  • 宅相
  • 宅眷
  • 宅第 (zháidì)
  • 宅經／宅经
  • 宅邸 (zháidǐ)
  • 宅配 (zháipèi)
  • 宅門／宅门 (zháimén)
  • 宅院 (zháiyuàn)
  • 家反宅亂／家反宅乱
  • 家翻宅亂／家翻宅乱
  • 寸田尺宅
  • 平價住宅／平价住宅
  • 府宅 (fǔzhái)
  • 徙宅忘妻
  • 拔宅
  • 拔宅上昇／拔宅上升
  • 拔宅飛昇／拔宅飞升
  • 拔濟火宅／拔济火宅
  • 故宅
  • 正宅
  • 民宅 (mínzhái)
  • 泛宅
  • 浮家泛宅
  • 淨宅／净宅
  • 深宅大院
  • 漆宅
  • 火宅 (huǒzhái)
  • 火宅僧
  • 玄宅 (xuánzhái)
  • 率土宅心
  • 窟宅
  • 第宅
  • 綴宅／缀宅
  • 自宅
  • 貧民住宅／贫民住宅
  • 農宅／农宅
  • 避宅
  • 邸宅 (dǐzhái)
  • 鎮宅神／镇宅神
  • 陰宅／阴宅 (yīnzhái)
  • 陽宅／阳宅 (yángzhái)
  • 魂不守宅

References

Japanese

Alternative forms

Kanji
宅

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. home

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
宅
たく
Grade: 6
on’yomi

Derived from Middle Chinese 宅 (MC draek).

Noun

宅(たく) • (taku) 

  1. home
  2. husband

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 宅 (MC draek).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448ᄄᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: ttóyk)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527집 (Yale: cìp)ᄐᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: thóyk)

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tʰɛk̚] ~ [tʰe̞k̚]
  • Phonetic hangul: [택/텍]

Hanja

Wikisource 宅 (eumhun 집 택 (jip taek))

  1. (only in compounds) Hanja form? of 택 (“house; home”). [affix]

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 2

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading.

Pronunciation

Hanja

宅 (eumhun 집 댁 (jip daek))

  1. Hanja form? of 댁 (“residence”). [noun]
  2. Hanja form? of 댁 (“a respectful term of address for someone of equal or lower status”). [pronoun]
Usage notes

When used in isolation, this reading is used to address others or people's houses in a polite manner.

Compounds
Compounds
  • 과댁 (寡宅, gwadaek)
  • 귀댁 (貴宅, gwidaek)
  • 댁내 (宅內, daengnae)
  • 본댁 (本宅, bondaek)
  • 사댁 (査宅, sadaek)
  • 시댁 (媤宅, sidaek)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

宅: Hán Nôm readings: trạch, trãi, trại

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