鐸

See also: 鈬 and 铎
鐸 U+9438, 鐸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9438
← 鐷
[U+9437] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鐹 →
[U+9439]

Translingual
Traditional 鐸
Shinjitai
(extended)		 鈬
Simplified 铎

Han character

鐸 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+13, 21 strokes, cangjie input 金田中十 (CWLJ), four-corner 86141, composition ⿰釒睪)

Derived characters
  • 𮇁

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1324, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40951
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1825, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4264, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9438

Chinese
trad. 鐸
simp. 铎

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (睪) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
斁 *ʔl'aːɡs, *l'aːɡs, *laːɡ
籜 *l̥ʰaːɡ
蘀 *l̥ʰaːɡ
鐸 *l'aːɡ
凙 *l'aːɡ
襗 *l'aːɡ, *rlaːɡ, *laːɡ
擇 *rlaːɡ
澤 *rlaːɡ
鸅 *rlaːɡ
蠌 *rlaːɡ
檡 *rlaːɡ, *hljaɡ
釋 *hljaɡ
繹 *laːɡ
睪 *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː
譯 *laːɡ
嶧 *laːɡ
懌 *laːɡ
驛 *laːɡ
醳 *laːɡ
圛 *laːɡ
墿 *laːɡ
燡 *laːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːɡ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 睪 (OC *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 鐸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒落切
Baxter dak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /dɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /dɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /dɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dak̚/
Li
Rong		 /dɑk̚/
Wang
Li		 /dɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 duó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 dok6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鐸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 duó
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*lˁak/
English a kind of bell

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鐸
Reading # 1/1
No. 15125
Phonetic
component		 睪
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 鐸
Old
Chinese		 /*l'aːɡ/

Definitions

鐸

  1. (historical) large bronze bell with a wooden or bronze clapper and a long handle, used for war and to announce proclamations
  2. a surname

Compounds
  • 司鐸／司铎 (sīduó)
  • 振鐸／振铎
  • 晉鐸／晋铎 (jìnduó)
  • 木鐸／木铎
  • 毀鐘為鐸／毁钟为铎
  • 牛鐸／牛铎
  • 秉鐸／秉铎
  • 金鐸／金铎
  • 鈴鐸／铃铎
  • 鐸刀／铎刀
  • 鐸舞／铎舞
  • 鑊鐸／镬铎
  • 風鐸／风铎
  • 鬧鑊鐸／闹镬铎

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

 鈬

Kyūjitai

 鐸

Kanji
鐸

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 鈬)

  1. a bell used for signaling
  2. wind chime

Readings

Compounds
  • 金(きん)鐸(たく) (kintaku)
  • 銅(どう)鐸(たく) (dōtaku)
  • 木(ぼく)鐸(たく) (bokutaku)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鐸
ぬりて
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Of unknown derivation. Listed in dictionaries as a compound of two parts, ぬり (nuri, of unknown meaning) +‎ て (te, also with no meaning given; possibly 手 (te, “hand”)?).[1][2][3][4]

First cited in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [nɯ̟ᵝɾʲite̞]

Noun

鐸(ぬりて) • (nurite) 

  1. [from 720] (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鐸
ぬて
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Derivation unknown. Appears to be related to the nurite pronunciation.

First cited in the Kojiki of 712.[1][2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [nɯ̟ᵝte̞]

Noun

鐸(ぬて) • (nute) 

  1. [from 712] (historical) an ancient bell with a long handle used for signalling

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
鐸
さなき
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Appears to be a compound of さ (sa, uncertain, possibly “little, small, petty”?) +‎ 鳴き (naki, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 鳴(な)く (naku, “to make a sound”)).[1]

First cited to a text from 807.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [sa̠na̠kʲi]

Noun

鐸(さなき) • (sanaki) 

  1. [from 807] (historical) an ancient large iron bell used in rituals

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
鐸
たく
Hyōgaiji
kan’on

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 鐸 (MC dak). First cited to a text from 1688.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

鐸(たく) • (taku) 

  1. [from 1688] a large bell made of copper or bronze with a long handle on the top to grab and ring

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
鐸
すず
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 鐸 – see the following entry.
【鈴すず】S
[noun] [from 712] a bell, chime
[noun] [from 759] (historical) Synonym of 駅鈴 (ekirei): station bells issued to 駅使 (ekishi)
[noun] [from 720] 鐸: a large wind chime, a hanging bell with a clapper
[proper noun] a female given name
[proper noun] a surname
(This term, 鐸, is an alternative spelling (wind chime) of the above term.)

References
  1. “鈴・鐸”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. “鐸”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  • Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 鐸 (MC dak).

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 鐸 (eumhun 방울 탁 (bang'ul tak))

  1. Hanja form? of 탁 (“bell”).

Compounds
  • 탁뇨 (鐸鐃, tangnyo)
  • 탁령 (鐸鈴, tangnyeong)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

鐸: Hán Nôm readings: đạc, đác

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