強弩之末

Chinese

		strength; force; power strength; force; power; powerful; better	cross-bow	's; him/her/it; this	end; final stage; latter part
trad. (強弩之末)		強	弩	之	末
simp. (强弩之末)		强	弩	之	末
alternative forms		彊弩之末／强弩之末

Etymology

From the Book of Han:

且臣聞之，衝風之衰，不能起毛羽；彊弩之末，力不能入魯縞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

且臣闻之，冲风之衰，不能起毛羽；强弩之末，力不能入鲁缟。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

Qiě chén wén zhī, chōngfēng zhī shuāi, bùnéng qǐ máoyǔ; qiángnǔzhīmò, lì bùnéng rù lǔgǎo. [Pinyin]

(please add an English translation of this usage example)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiángnǔzhīmò

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄋㄨˇ ㄓㄇㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): koeng⁴ nou⁵ zi¹ mut⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiángnǔzhīmò
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄋㄨˇ ㄓㄇㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciángnǔjhihmò
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiang²-nu³-chih¹-mo⁴
  - Yale: chyáng-nǔ-jr̄-mwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyangnuujymoh
  - Palladius: цяннучжимо (cjannučžimo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ nu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: koeng⁴ nou⁵ zi¹ mut⁶
  - Yale: kèuhng nóuh jī muht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: koeng⁴ nou⁵ dzi¹ mut⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: kêng⁴ nou⁵ ji¹ mud⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰœːŋ²¹ nou̯¹³ t͡siː⁵⁵ muːt̚²/

Idiom

強弩之末

(figurative) exhausted strength; spent force; strong force that has been exhausted

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