持つ

Japanese

Kanji in this term
持
も
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
有つ

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *mətu.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "持つ"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
持つ も​つ [móꜜtsù]
Imperative (命令形) 持て も​て [móꜜtè]
Key constructions
Passive 持たれる もたれ​る [mòtáréꜜrù]
Causative 持たせる もたせ​る [mòtáséꜜrù]
Potential 持てる もて​る [mòtéꜜrù]
Volitional 持とう もと​ー [mòtóꜜò]
Negative 持たない もた​ない [mòtáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 持たなかった もた​なかった [mòtáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 持ちます もちま​す [mòchímáꜜsù]
Perfective 持った も​った [móꜜttà]
Conjunctive 持って も​って [móꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional 持てば も​てば [móꜜtèbà]

Verb

持(も)つ • (motsu) transitive godan (stem 持(も)ち (mochi), past 持(も)った (motta))

  1. to hold, to carry something
    コートを持(も)ちましょうか。
    Kōto o mochimashō ka.
    Shall I hold your coat?
  2. to have, to possess
    パスポートは持(も)った?
    Pasupōto wa motta?
    Have you got your passport?
    お金(かね)をいくら持(も)っていますか。
    O-kane o ikura motte imasu ka.
    How much money do you have?
    私(わたし)はお金(かね)を持(も)っていない。
    Watashi wa o-kane o motte inai.
    I don't have any money.
    自転車(じてんしゃ)を持(も)っていない。
    Jitensha o motte inai.
    I don't have a bicycle.
    車(くるま)は持(も)っていませんが、自転車(じてんしゃ)なら持(も)っています。
    Kuruma wa motte imasen ga, jitensha nara motte imasu.
    I don't have a car, but I have a bicycle.
  3. to hold up, to maintain
    精神(せいしん)が持(も)たない
    seishin ga motanai
    can't withstand the pressure
    心臓(しんぞう)が持(も)たない
    shinzō ga motanai
    my heart can't take it

Synonyms

Conjugation

Idioms

Derived terms

References

  1. “持”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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