持ち堪える

Japanese
Kanji in this term
持 堪
も
Grade: 3		 こた
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology

From 持(も)ち (mochi, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 持(も)つ (motsu, “to hold”)) + 堪(こた)える (kotaeru, “to endure, to withstand”).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) もちこたえる [mòchíkótáérú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • (Tokyo) もちこたえ​る [mòchíkótáéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [5])[1]
  • IPA(key): [mo̞t͡ɕiko̞ta̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

持(も)ち堪(こた)える • (mochikotaeru) transitive ichidan (stem 持(も)ち堪(こた)え (mochikotae), past 持(も)ち堪(こた)えた (mochikotaeta))

  1. to hang on, to withstand, to endure, to hold up
    最後(さいご)まで持(も)ち堪(こた)える
    saigo made mochikotaeru
    to hold up until the end

Conjugation
Conjugation of "持ち堪える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 持ち堪え もちこたえ mochikotae
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 持ち堪え もちこたえ mochikotae
Shūshikei ("terminal") 持ち堪える もちこたえる mochikotaeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 持ち堪える もちこたえる mochikotaeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 持ち堪えれ もちこたえれ mochikotaere
Meireikei ("imperative") 持ち堪えよ¹
持ち堪えろ²		 もちこたえよ¹
もちこたえろ²		 mochikotaeyo¹
mochikotaero²
Key constructions
Passive 持ち堪えられる もちこたえられる mochikotaerareru
Causative 持ち堪えさせる
持ち堪えさす		 もちこたえさせる
もちこたえさす		 mochikotaesaseru
mochikotaesasu
Potential 持ち堪えられる
持ち堪えれる³		 もちこたえられる
もちこたえれる³		 mochikotaerareru
mochikotaereru³
Volitional 持ち堪えよう もちこたえよう mochikotaeyō
Negative 持ち堪えない
持ち堪えぬ
持ち堪えん		 もちこたえない
もちこたえぬ
もちこたえん		 mochikotaenai
mochikotaenu
mochikotaen
Negative continuative 持ち堪えず もちこたえず mochikotaezu
Formal 持ち堪えます もちこたえます mochikotaemasu
Perfective 持ち堪えた もちこたえた mochikotaeta
Conjunctive 持ち堪えて もちこたえて mochikotaete
Hypothetical conditional 持ち堪えれば もちこたえれば mochikotaereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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