捨てる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
捨
す
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
棄てる

Etymology

From 下二段 (shimo nidan) verb 捨つ (sutsu).

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru. For the Old / Classical form, see the 捨つ entry.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) すてる [sùtérú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [sɨ̥ᵝte̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "捨てる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 捨てる すてる [sùtérú]
Imperative (命令形) 捨てろ すてろ [sùtéró]
Key constructions
Passive 捨てられる すてられる [sùtérárérú]
Causative 捨てさせる すてさせる [sùtésásérú]
Potential 捨てられる すてられる [sùtérárérú]
Volitional 捨てよう すてよ​ー [sùtéyóꜜò]
Negative 捨てない すてない [sùténáí]
Negative perfective 捨てなかった すてな​かった [sùténáꜜkàttà]
Formal 捨てます すてま​す [sùtémáꜜsù]
Perfective 捨てた すてた [sùtétá]
Conjunctive 捨てて すてて [sùtété]
Hypothetical conditional 捨てれば すてれ​ば [sùtéréꜜbà]

Verb

捨(す)てる • (suteru) transitive ichidan (stem 捨(す)て (sute), past 捨(す)てた (suteta))

  1. to throw away
    ゴミを捨(す)てる
    gomi o suteru
    to throw away garbage
  2. to abandon
    死(し)体(たい)を捨(す)てる
    shitai o suteru
    to abandon a corpse
  3. to desert; to jilt
    反乱軍(はんらんぐん)は負(ふ)傷兵(しょうへい)を捨(す)てて撤退(てったい)した。
    Hanrangun wa fushōhei o sutete tettai shita.
    The rebel forces deserted the wounded and retreated.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "捨てる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 捨て すて sute
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 捨て すて sute
Shūshikei ("terminal") 捨てる すてる suteru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 捨てる すてる suteru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 捨てれ すてれ sutere
Meireikei ("imperative") 捨てよ¹
捨てろ²		 すてよ¹
すてろ²		 suteyo¹
sutero²
Key constructions
Passive 捨てられる すてられる suterareru
Causative 捨てさせる
捨てさす		 すてさせる
すてさす		 sutesaseru
sutesasu
Potential 捨てられる
捨てれる³		 すてられる
すてれる³		 suterareru
sutereru³
Volitional 捨てよう すてよう suteyō
Negative 捨てない
捨てぬ
捨てん		 すてない
すてぬ
すてん		 sutenai
sutenu
suten
Negative continuative 捨てず すてず sutezu
Formal 捨てます すてます sutemasu
Perfective 捨てた すてた suteta
Conjunctive 捨てて すてて sutete
Hypothetical conditional 捨てれば すてれば sutereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

See also

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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