放電

Chinese
 
to release; to free; to let go
to release; to free; to let go; to put; to place; to let out
 electric; electricity; electrical
trad. (放電) 放 電
simp. (放电) 放 电

Pronunciation

Verb

放電

  1. (physics) to discharge electricity
  2. (figurative, slang) to charm someone; to make eyes at someone; to lure; to entice
  3. (of children) to play outdoors (so as to "release energy")

Derived terms
  • 尖端放電／尖端放电
  • 弧放電／弧放电
  • 放電率／放电率
  • 輝光放電／辉光放电

Japanese
Kanji in this term
放 電
ほう
Grade: 3		 でん
Grade: 2
on’yomi goon

Etymology

Appears to be a coinage during the Meiji era, as a compound of Middle Chinese-derived components 放 (hō, “throw, release”) +‎ 電 (den, “electricity”), possibly as a calque of English discharge. First cited to the 電気訳語集 (Denki Yakugo Shū, “Electricity Translation Term Compendium”) of 1893.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ほーでん [hòódéń] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ho̞ːdẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

放(ほう)電(でん) • (hōden) ←はうでん (fauden)?

  1. [from 1893] (physics) electrical discharge

Verb

放(ほう)電(でん)する • (hōden suru) ←はうでん (fauden)?suru (stem 放(ほう)電(でん)し (hōden shi), past 放(ほう)電(でん)した (hōden shita))

  1. [from 1893] (physics) to discharge electricity
    • 1999 March 6, “二つの口を持つ闇の支配者(ツーマウス・ダークルーラー) [Two-Mouth Dark Ruler]”, in Starter Box, Konami:
      口(くち)が二(ふた)つある恐(きょう)竜(りゅう)。ツノに蓄(ちく)電(でん)し、背(せ)中(なか)の口(くち)から放(ほう)電(でん)する。
      Kuchi ga futatsu aru kyōryū. Tsuno ni chikuden shi, senaka no kuchi kara hōden suru.
      A two-mouthed dinosaur that discharges out of the mouth on its back the electricity it stores in its horn.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "放電する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 放電し ほうでんし hōden shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 放電し ほうでんし hōden shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 放電する ほうでんする hōden suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 放電する ほうでんする hōden suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 放電すれ ほうでんすれ hōden sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 放電せよ¹
放電しろ²		 ほうでんせよ¹
ほうでんしろ²		 hōden seyo¹
hōden shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 放電される ほうでんされる hōden sareru
Causative 放電させる
放電さす		 ほうでんさせる
ほうでんさす		 hōden saseru
hōden sasu
Potential 放電できる ほうでんできる hōden dekiru
Volitional 放電しよう ほうでんしよう hōden shiyō
Negative 放電しない ほうでんしない hōden shinai
Negative continuative 放電せず ほうでんせず hōden sezu
Formal 放電します ほうでんします hōden shimasu
Perfective 放電した ほうでんした hōden shita
Conjunctive 放電して ほうでんして hōden shite
Hypothetical conditional 放電すれば ほうでんすれば hōden sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. “放電”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
放電

Noun

放電 • (bangjeon) (hangeul 방전)

  1. Hanja form? of 방전 (“electrical discharge”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
放電

Verb

放電

  1. chữ Hán form of phóng điện (“to discharge electricity”).
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