果てる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 果 |
| は Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology
From Old Japanese はつ (patu), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "果てる"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
果てる | はてる | [hàtéꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 果てろ | はてろ | [hàtéꜜrò] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 果てられる | はてられる | [hàtéráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 果てさせる | はてさせる | [hàtésáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | - | - | - |
| Volitional | 果てよう | はてよー | [hàtéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 果てない | はてない | [hàtéꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 果てなかった | はてなかった | [hàtéꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 果てます | はてます | [hàtémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 果てた | はてた | [háꜜtètà] |
| Conjunctive | 果てて | はてて | [háꜜtètè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 果てれば | はてれば | [hàtéꜜrèbà] |
Verb
果てる • (hateru) intransitive ichidan (stem 果て (hate), past 果てた (hateta))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 果たす |
| mediopassive | 果てる |
- to come to an end
- to die
- (after a verb in the continuative stem form) completely; to its limit
Conjugation
Conjugation of "果てる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 果て | はて | hate | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 果て | はて | hate | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 果てる | はてる | hateru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 果てる | はてる | hateru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 果てれ | はてれ | hatere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 果てよ¹ 果てろ² |
はてよ¹ はてろ² |
hateyo¹ hatero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 果てられる | はてられる | haterareru | |
| Causative | 果てさせる 果てさす |
はてさせる はてさす |
hatesaseru hatesasu | |
| Potential | 果てられる 果てれる³ |
はてられる はてれる³ |
haterareru hatereru³ | |
| Volitional | 果てよう | はてよう | hateyō | |
| Negative | 果てない 果てぬ 果てん |
はてない はてぬ はてん |
hatenai hatenu haten | |
| Negative continuative | 果てず | はてず | hatezu | |
| Formal | 果てます | はてます | hatemasu | |
| Perfective | 果てた | はてた | hateta | |
| Conjunctive | 果てて | はてて | hatete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 果てれば | はてれば | hatereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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