消す

Japanese

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Stem forms
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)	消す	けす	`[kèsú]`
Imperative (命令形)	消せ	けせ	`[kèsé]`
Key constructions
Passive	消される	けされる	`[kèsárérú]`
Causative	消させる	けさせる	`[kèsásérú]`
Potential	消せる	けせる	`[kèsérú]`
Volitional	消そう	けそー	`[kèsóꜜò]`
Negative	消さない	けさない	`[kèsánáí]`
Negative perfective	消さなかった	けさなかった	`[kèsánáꜜkàttà]`
Formal	消します	けします	`[kèshímáꜜsù]`
Perfective	消した	けした	`[kèshítá]`
Conjunctive	消して	けして	`[kèshíté]`
Hypothetical conditional	消せば	けせば	`[kèséꜜbà]`

消(け)す • (kesu) transitive godan (stem 消(け)し (keshi), past 消(け)した (keshita))

Japanese verb pair
active	消す
mediopassive	消える

to extinguish; to put out
火(ひ)を消(け)す
hi o kesu
extinguish fire
to cut power; to turn off
電気(でんき)を消(け)す
denki o kesu
turn off the light
to erase, to delete
誤字(ごじ)を消(け)す
goji o kesu
erase wrong letters

データを消(け)す
dēta o kesu
erase the data

毒(どく)を消(け)す
doku o kesu
neutralize a poison
to kill, to execute
回(まわ)し者(もの)を消(け)す
mawashimono o kesu
kill a spy

Conjugation of "消す" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Classical conjugation of "消す" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	消さ	けさ	kesa
Continuative (連用形)	消し	けし	kesi
Terminal (終止形)	消す	けす	kesu
Attributive (連体形)	消す	けす	kesu
Realis (已然形)	消せ	けせ	kese
Imperative (命令形)	消せ	けせ	kese
Key constructions
Negative	消さず	けさず	kesazu
Contrasting conjunction	消せど	けせど	kesedo
Causal conjunction	消せば	けせば	keseba
Conditional conjunction	消さば	けさば	kesaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	消しき	けしき	kesiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	消しけり	けしけり	kesikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	消しつ	けしつ	kesitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	消しぬ	けしぬ	kesinu
Perfect-continuative tense	消せり消したり	けせりけしたり	keseri kesitari
Volitional	消さむ	けさむ	kesamu

(antonym(s) of “extinguish”): 点(つ)ける (tsukeru, “to light”), 点(とも)す (tomosu, “to light”), 熾(おこ)す (okosu, “build a fire”)
(antonym(s) of “turn off”): 点(つ)ける (tsukeru, “turn on”)
(antonym(s) of “erase”): 生(う)む (umu, “produce”)
(antonym(s) of “kill”): 生(う)む (umu, “to bear”)

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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