砂利

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
砂 利
しゃ > じゃ
Grade: 6
り
Grade: 4
irregular on’yomi

Listed in one source as possibly a shift from the sazare portion of 細石 (sazareishi, “gravel, pebble”, literally “small + stone”).[1]

  • /sazare/ → */zare/ → /zari/ → /d͡ʑari/

However, the first attestation of the zari form is not until 1677, while the jari form is first cited to 1619.[2]

The child sense originates as a jargon term at places such as a theatre, initially in reference to child visitors.[3][4][5][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

砂(じゃ)利(り) • (jari) 

  1. [from 1619] gravel
  2. [from 1804] a magistrate's office for adjudicating issues from commoners (from the rock gardens that were common at these during the Edo period)
    Synonym: 白洲 (shirasu)
  3. [from 1844] child
Derived terms
  • 切込(きりこ)み砂利(じゃり) (kirikomi jari)
  • 砂利(じゃり)タレ (jari tare)
  • 砂利場(じゃりば) (jari ba)
  • 玉砂利(たまじゃり) (tama jari)
  • 山砂利(やまじゃり) (yama jari)
See also
  • じゃりじゃり (jarijari)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
砂 利
さ > ざ
Grade: 6
り
Grade: 4
irregular on’yomi

Appears to be a shift from the jari reading.

  • /d͡ʑari/ → /zari/

Pronunciation

Noun

砂(ざ)利(り) • (zari) 

  1. [from 1677] gravel
  2. [uncertain, possibly from early 1800s] a magistrate's office for adjudicating issues from commoners (from the rock gardens that were common at these during the Edo period)
    Synonym: 白洲 (shirasu)
  3. [from 1932] rice (either cooked or as raw grains)

References

  1. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. “砂利”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  5. “砂利”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  6. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.