苦行
Chinese
bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful |
to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (苦行) | 苦 | 行 | |
| simp. #(苦行) | 苦 | 行 | |
Pronunciation
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 苦 | 行 |
| く Grade: 3 |
ぎょう Grade: 2 |
| on’yomi | |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "苦行する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 苦行し | くぎょうし | kugyō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 苦行し | くぎょうし | kugyō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 苦行する | くぎょうする | kugyō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 苦行する | くぎょうする | kugyō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 苦行すれ | くぎょうすれ | kugyō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 苦行せよ¹ 苦行しろ² |
くぎょうせよ¹ くぎょうしろ² |
kugyō seyo¹ kugyō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 苦行される | くぎょうされる | kugyō sareru | |
| Causative | 苦行させる 苦行さす |
くぎょうさせる くぎょうさす |
kugyō saseru kugyō sasu | |
| Potential | 苦行できる | くぎょうできる | kugyō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 苦行しよう | くぎょうしよう | kugyō shiyō | |
| Negative | 苦行しない | くぎょうしない | kugyō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 苦行せず | くぎょうせず | kugyō sezu | |
| Formal | 苦行します | くぎょうします | kugyō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 苦行した | くぎょうした | kugyō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 苦行して | くぎょうして | kugyō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 苦行すれば | くぎょうすれば | kugyō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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