衍

衍	U+884D, 衍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-884D

← 行
[U+884C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

衎 →
[U+884E]

Translingual

Han character

衍 (Kangxi radical 144, 行+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹人水一弓 (HOEMN), four-corner 2110₃, composition ⿴行氵 or ⿲彳氵亍)

Derived characters

椼𤦷餰愆葕

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1108, character 35
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34033
Dae Jaweon: page 1573, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 820, character 4
Unihan data for U+884D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		衍

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衍
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (衍) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
愆	*kʰran
衍	lanʔ, lans

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 行 (“path; way; to go; to move”) + 水 (“water”).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǎn (yan³)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hin², jin², jin⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ián

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǎn
  - Wade–Giles: yen³
  - Yale: yǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yean
  - Palladius: янь (janʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hin², jin², jin⁵
  - Yale: hín, yín, yíhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hin², jin², jin⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: hin², yin², yin⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːn³⁵/, /jiːn³⁵/, /jiːn¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ián
  - Tâi-lô: ián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iern
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɛn⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: yenX, yenH

Rime
Character	衍	衍
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	以淺切	于線切
Baxter	yenX	yenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇn^X/	/jiᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛn^X/	/jiɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/jæn^X/	/jæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jian^X/	/jian^H/
Li Rong	/iɛn^X/	/iɛn^H/
Wang Li	/jĭɛn^X/	/jĭɛn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛn^X/	/i̯ɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǎn	yàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin⁵	jin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-q(r)anʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*lanʔ/, /*lans/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	衍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ yen^X ›
Old Chinese	/*N-q(r)anʔ/
English	overflow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衍	衍
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14376	14377
Phonetic component	衍	衍
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	演
Old Chinese	/*lanʔ/	/*lans/

Definitions

衍

to overflow; to spill over
to spread out; to extend; to develop
superfluous; unnecessary
characters mistakenly added during the copying of a text
(obsolete) lowland; flatland
(obsolete) marsh; bog
(obsolete) mountain slope; hillside
(obsolete) bamboo basket
a surname

Compounds

上岸衍生物
信貸衍生產品／信贷衍生产品
取代衍生物
平衍
推衍
敷衍 (fūyǎn)
敷衍了事 (fūyǎnliǎoshì)
敷衍塞責／敷衍塞责 (fūyǎnsèzé)
沃衍
篋衍／箧衍
繁衍 (fányǎn)
羅摩衍那／罗摩衍那 (Luómóyǎnnà)
胄裔繁衍
蕃衍 (fányǎn)
衍伸
衍化 (yǎnhuà)
衍化物
衍射 (yǎnshè)
衍射儀／衍射仪
衍射光學／衍射光学
衍射學／衍射学
衍射格子
衍射波
衍射線／衍射线
衍射角
衍文 (yǎnwén)
衍生 (yǎnshēng)
衍生構造／衍生构造
衍生物 (yǎnshēngwù)
衍生產品／衍生产品 (yǎnshēng chǎnpǐn)
衍生蛋白
衍生複詞／衍生复词
衍生金融工具
衍聖公／衍圣公
衍變／衍变 (yǎnbiàn)
衍進／衍进
金融衍生工具
金融衍生產品／金融衍生产品
鋪衍／铺衍

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yán (yan²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yán
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yán
  - Wade–Giles: yen²
  - Yale: yán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
  - Palladius: янь (janʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/

Definitions

衍

(obsolete) to bring in; to invite; to introduce
(Buddhism) yana; vehicle

Compounds

摩訶衍／摩诃衍 (Móhēyǎn)
衍祭

References

“衍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

衍

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

overflow; spill over
derive; spread out

Readings

Go-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)}
Kan-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)}
Kun: あまり (amari, 衍り); あまる (amaru, 衍る); しく (shiku, 衍く); たいら (taira, 衍ら); のばす (nobasu, 衍ばす); のびる (nobiru, 衍びる); はびこる (habikoru, 衍る)
Nanori: ひろし (hiroshi)

Compounds

衍(えん)溢(いつ) (en'itsu)
衍(えん)盈(えい) (en'ei)
衍(えん)繹(えき) (en'eki)
衍(えん)衍(えん) (en'en)
衍(えん)奥(おう) (en'ō)
衍(えん)凱(がい) (engai)
衍(えん)義(ぎ) (engi)
衍(えん)字(じ) (enji)
衍(えん)処(しょ) (ensho)
衍(えん)羨(せん) (ensen)
衍(えん)忒(とく) (entoku)
衍(えん)入(にゅう) (ennyū)
衍(えん)蕃(ばん) (enban)
衍(えん)文(ぶん) (enbun)
衍(えん)変(ぺん) (enpen)
衍(えん)曼(まん), 衍(えん)漫(まん) (enman)
衍(えん)裕(ゆう) (en'yū)
衍(えん)漾(よう) (en'yō)
衍(えん)沃(よく) (en'yoku)
衍(えん)乱(らん) (enran)
怡(い)衍(えん) (ien)
螾(いん)衍(えん) (in'en)
盈(えい)衍(えん) (eien)
奥(おう)衍(えん) (ōen)
煥(かん)衍(えん) (kan'en)
広(こう)衍(えん), 曠(こう)衍(えん) (kōen)
閎(こう)衍(えん) (kōen)
慈(じ)衍(えん) (jien)
饒(じょう)衍(えん) (jōen)
推(すい)衍(えん) (suien)
大(たい)衍(えん) (taien)
登(とう)衍(えん) (tōen)
蕃(はん)衍(えん), 繁(はん)衍(えん) (han'en)
肥(ひ)衍(えん) (hien)
布(ふ)衍(えん) (fuen)
富(ふ)衍(えん) (fuen)
敷(ふ)衍(えん) (fuen)
紛(ふん)衍(えん) (fun'en)
墳(ふん)衍(えん) (fun'en)
平(へい)衍(えん) (heien)
曼(まん)衍(えん) (man'en) (曼(まん)延(えん))
蔓(まん)衍(えん) (man'en) (蔓(まん)延(えん))
漫(まん)衍(えん) (man'en)
游(ゆう)衍(えん), 遊(ゆう)衍(えん) (yūen)
優(ゆう)衍(えん) (yūen)
余(よ)衍(えん) (yoen)
沃(よく)衍(えん) (yokuen)
流(りゅう)衍(えん) (ryūen)

References

白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “衍”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

衍 (eum 연 (yeon))

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Vietnamese

Han character

衍: Hán Nôm readings: khiên, diễn, giàn, nhản, nhiễn, nhăn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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