閻羅

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (閻羅)		閻	羅
simp. (阎罗)		阎	罗

Etymology

Clipping 閻魔羅闍 (MC yem ma la dzyae, “Yama”), borrowed from Sanskrit यमराज (yamarāja, “Yama”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Yánluó

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁴ lo⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Giâm-lô

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngiam⁵ lo⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Yánluó
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Yánluó
  - Wade–Giles: Yen²-lo²
  - Yale: Yán-lwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Yanluo
  - Palladius: Яньло (Janʹlo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jim⁴ lo⁴
  - Yale: yìhm lòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁴ lo⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yim⁴ lo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm²¹ lɔː²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Giâm-lô
  - Tâi-lô: Giâm-lô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giamlooi
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡiam²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiam²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiam¹³⁻²² lo¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiam²³⁻³³ lɤ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngiam⁵ lo⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiâm lô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: yem la

Rime
Character	閻	羅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	余廉切	魯何切
Baxter	yem	la
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇm/	/lɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛm/	/lɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/jæm/	/lɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiam/	/la/
Li Rong	/iɛm/	/lɑ/
Wang Li	/jĭɛm/	/lɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛm/	/lɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yán	luó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim⁴	lo⁴

Proper noun

閻羅

(～王) (Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Yama (god of the underworld)

Synonyms

閻摩／阎摩 (Yánmó)
閻魔／阎魔 (Yánmó)
琰魔王

Dialectal synonyms of 閻王 (“Yama”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		閻王, 閻羅, 閻羅王
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		閻王, 閻王爺, 閻羅, 閻羅王, 閻君
Mandarin	Beijing	閻王, 閻王爺
	Tianjin	閻王爺
	Chengde	閻王爺
	Tangshan	閻王, 閻王爺
	Cangzhou	閻王爺
	Baoding	閻王, 閻王爺
	Shijiazhuang	閻王爺
	Chifeng	閻王爺
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	閻王爺
	Heihe	閻王, 閻王爺
	Qiqihar	閻王爺
	Harbin	閻王, 閻王爺
	Jiamusi	閻王爺
	Baicheng	閻王, 閻王爺
	Changchun	閻王爺
	Tonghua	閻王爺
	Shenyang	閻王, 閻王爺
	Dandong	閻王, 閻王爺
	Jinzhou	閻王, 閻王爺
	Dalian	閻王爺
	Yantai	閻王
	Yantai (Muping)	閻王, 閻王爺
	Qingdao	閻王爺
	Lijin	閻王, 閻王爺爺
	Zhucheng	閻王, 閻王爺爺
	Jinan	閻王, 閻王爺
	Jining	閻王爺
	Luoyang	閻王
	Shangqiu	閻王, 閻王爺
	Yuanyang	閻王
	Zhengzhou	閻王爺
	Lingbao	閻王爺
	Xinyang	閻王爺
	Baihe	閻王, 閻王爺
	Hanzhong	閻王, 閻王爺
	Xi'an	閻王, 閻王爺
	Baoji	閻王, 閻王爺
	Yinchuan	閻王爺
	Tianshui	閻王爺
	Lanzhou	閻王, 閻王爺
	Dunhuang	閻王爺
	Xining	閻王, 閻王爺
	Hami	閻王, 閻王爺
	Ürümqi	閻王爺
	Wuhan	閻王, 閻王爺
	Yichang	閻王, 閻王爺
	Xiangyang	閻王, 閻王爺
	Tianmen	閻王, 閻王五爹
	Hong'an	閻王老子, 閻王老子爺
	Chengdu	閻王, 閻王爺
	Nanchong	閻王, 閻王老爺
	Dazhou	閻王老爺
	Hanyuan	閻王老爺
	Xichang	閻王
	Zigong	閻王
	Chongqing	閻王
	Guiyang	閻王, 閻王爺
	Zunyi	閻王
	Bijie	閻王
	Liping	閻王, 閻王老子
	Zhaotong	閻王, 閻王老二
	Dali	閻老王
	Kunming	閻王, 閻王爺
	Mengzi	閻王老爺
Guilin	閻王
Liuzhou	閻羅王, 閻王, 閻王爺, 閻王老子
Nanning (Fujian)	閻羅皇
Nanning (Wuming)	閻羅王
Yizhou	閻羅王, 閻王, 閻王爺
Luocheng (Dongmen)	閻王, 閻羅王
Tianlin (Langping)	閻王
Jishou	閻王
Changde	閻王老爺
Yongzhou	閻王菩薩
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	閻王爺
Anqing	閻王
Xuzhou	閻王老爺, 閻王, 閻王爺, 閻王老子
Fuyang	閻王, 閻王爺
Wuhu	閻王
Yangzhou	閻王, 閻王老爺
Lianyungang	閻王, 閻王老爺
Lianshui	閻王老爺
Nanjing	閻王, 閻王爺, 閻王老爺
Hefei	閻王
Nantong	閻王, 閻王老爺
Singapore	閻羅王
Dagudi (Maliba)	閻老王
Reshuitang (Longling)	閻老王
Mae Salong (Lancang)	閻老王
Mae Sai (Tengchong)	閻王爺
Cantonese	Guangzhou	閻羅王, 閻流王
	Hong Kong	閻羅王
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	閻流王
	Macau	閻流王
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	閻頭王
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	閻流王
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	閻羅王
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	閻流王
	Foshan	閻流王
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	閻流王
	Foshan (Shunde)	閻流王
	Foshan (Sanshui)	閻流王
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	閻流王
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	閻流王
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	閻流王
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	閻流王
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	閻流王
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	閻流王
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	閻羅王
	Taishan	閻羅王
	Taishan (Guanghai)	閻羅王
	Kaiping (Chikan)	閻羅王
	Enping (Niujiang)	閻羅王
	Heshan (Yayao)	閻王
	Dongguan	閻羅王, 閻流王
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	閻流王
	Wuzhou	閻羅王, 閻王
	Yulin	閻王
	Baise	閻羅王, 閻王爺
	Qinzhou	閻羅王
Gan	Nanchang	閻王
	Pengze	閻王
	Yanshan	閻王
	Lichuan	閻王
	Pingxiang	閻王
Hakka	Meixian	閻王
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	閻頭王
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	閻羅王
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	閻羅王
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	閻王
	Conghua (Lütian)	閻羅王
	Yudu	閻王
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	閻羅王
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	閻羅王
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	閻羅王
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	閻羅王
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	閻羅王
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	閻羅王
Huizhou	Jixi	閻王
Huizhou	Shexian	閻王
Jin	Taiyuan	閻王爺
	Yangyuan	閻王, 閻王爺, 閻君
	Datong	閻王爺
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	閻王爺
	Xinzhou	閻王爺
	Lishi	閻王, 閻王爺兒
	Linfen	閻王爺
	Changzhi	閻爺, 閻王爺
	Linhe	閻王
	Jining	閻王爺
	Hohhot	閻王, 閻王爺
	Erenhot	閻王, 閻王爺
	Pingshan	閻王, 閻王爺
	Zhangjiakou	閻王, 閻王爺
	Handan	閻王, 閻王爺
	Linzhou	閻王爺
	Suide	閻王
Jiuxing Yumin	Jiande	閻龍王
	Jinhua	閻龍王
	Lanxi	閻龍王
	Tunxi	閻羅王
Northern Min	Jian'ou	閻羅王
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	閻羅王, 閻王
Southern Min	Xiamen	閻羅王, 閻君爺
	Quanzhou	閻羅王
	Zhangzhou	閻羅王
	Taipei (Wanhua)	閻羅王
	Kaohsiung	閻羅王
	Yilan	閻羅王
	Changhua (Lukang)	閻羅王
	Taichung	閻羅王
	Taichung (Wuqi)	閻羅王
	Tainan	閻羅王
	Taitung	閻羅
	Hsinchu	閻羅王
	Penghu (Magong)	閻羅爺
	Singapore (Hokkien)	閻羅王
	Shantou	閻羅王
	Haikou	閻羅王
Puxian Min	Xianyou	閻公
Central Min	Yanping (Wangtai)	閻王
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	閻流王
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	閻羅王
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	閻龍王
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dongbianzhou)	閻王
Wu	Shanghai	閻羅王, 閻王
	Shanghai (Chongming)	閻羅王
	Suzhou	閻洛王
	Danyang	閻王
	Hangzhou	閻羅王
	Hangzhou (Fuyang)	閻羅王
	Ningbo	閻羅大王
	Wenzhou	閻羅王
	Jinhua	閻龍王
Xiang	Changsha	閻王
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	閻王
	Loudi	閻王
	Hengshan	閻王老子
	Hengshan (Baiguo)	閻王老子
	Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao)	閻王

Derived terms

閻羅包老／阎罗包老
閻羅大王／阎罗大王
閻羅天子／阎罗天子 (Yánluó Tiānzǐ)
閻羅妖／阎罗妖
閻羅殿／阎罗殿
閻羅王／阎罗王 (Yánluó Wáng)
閻羅老子／阎罗老子

Noun

閻羅

(figurative) ferocious or cruel person; tyrant

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